Effects Of Canal Irrigation On Water Consumption Characteristics And Yield Of Winter Wheat

Shandong Province belongs to the temperate monsoon climate zone,which is an important agricultural area in China,winter wheat is the main grain crop,and there is less precipitation during the growing season.Irrigation is one of the main measures to ensure the high and stable yield of winter wheat,but now the water resources situation is not optimistic,so the development of water-saving irrigation technology is an important aspect of agricultural water-saving.In this experiment,under the condition of field experiment,Jimai 22 was used as the test crop,and five different irrigation treatments were set up,which were continuous irrigation treatment T,surge irrigation treatment S and canal irrigation treatment P1(the irrigation amount is 85% of the irrigation amount treated by T),canal irrigation treatment P2(the irrigation amount is 75% of the irrigation amount treated by T)and canal irrigation treatment P3(the irrigation amount is 65% of the irrigation amount treated by T).Each treatment was repeated three times,the length of border was 120 m,and each treatment was divided into a sampling border section every 40 m along the border irrigation direction.Compared with continuous irrigation treatment and surge irrigation treatment,the effects of different irrigation amounts of canal irrigation on water consumption characteristics and growth and development of winter wheat farmland were studied,so as to provide theoretical basis for water-saving irrigation of winter wheat.The experimental results show that:(1)Compared with continuous irrigation treatment and surge irrigation treatment,canal irrigation treatment can improve the velocity of water flow.The irrigation time of different canal irrigation treatment increased with the increase of irrigation amount.(2)After irrigation,the soil water storage value of P1 treatment and P2 treatment in the 0-30 cm soil layer of 40-80 m ridge and 80-120 m ridge respectively increased more than that of other treatments,and these two treatments increased the consumption of soil water storage at the late stage of winter wheat growth at 80-120 m.The soil water supply from P2 and P3 treatment accounts for a large proportion of the total water consumption.The results showed that t the irrigation of canal irrigation treatment is evenly distributed in the furrow,reduce the ineffective evaporation of soil water during irrigation,and improve the utilization rate of deep soil water,so as to meet the water demand of winter wheat at the later stage of growth and achieve the effect of saving water.(3)Compared with T treatment and S treatment,P1 treatment and P2 treatment improved the tiller number and leaf area index of winter wheat.And the dry matter mass of the overground part of the two treatments in the 40-80 m patch and 80-120 m patch was greater than that of the other treatments,and these two treatments increased the assimilation of dry matter after flowering.The results showed that canal irrigation was beneficial to the growth and development of winter wheat and the accumulation of dry matter quality.(4)The grain yield of winter wheat was significantly affected by different irrigation treatments.The irrigation amount of P1 treatment and P2 treatment was lower than that of continuous irrigation treatment and surge irrigation treatment,but the yield was higher than that of other treatments.From the perspective of the yield components,the main reason for the increase in yield in P1 treatment and P2 treatment is the higher number of panicle and grains per panicle.And in the grain yield in different plot,the coefficient of variation of different canal irrigation treatments was lower than that of continuous irrigation treatment and surge irrigation treatment,indicating that the winter wheat under canal irrigation grew more evenly along the length of the plot.P1 treatment and P2 treatment increases the dry matter accumulation during the later stages of winter wheat growth,which increases winter wheat yield,improves water use efficiency and the utilization efficiency of irrigation water.There was no significant difference in grain yield and water use efficiency between the two treatments,and the utilization efficiency of irrigation water in P2 treatment was higher than that in P1 treatment.The results showed that canal irrigation makes crops grow evenly along the direction of the furrow,which is conducive to increasing crop yield,water use efficiency and utilization rate of irrigation waterIn summary,canal irrigation is more suitable for long bed irrigation than continuous irrigation and surge irrigation.And the canal irrigation treatment with an irrigation volume of 75% of the continuous irrigation treatment can guarantee the grain yield of winter wheat and realize water-saving and efficient utilization of irrigation water.