Investigation On Popularization And Application Of Straw Returning Technology In Faku County

As a large agricultural country,a large number of crop straws are also very important crops and high-quality renewable resources.The reuse of straws is a major problem facing the grass-roots rural areas in China.As a major method of straw ecological utilization,straw returning technology is particularly important in grass-roots villages and towns.In Shenyang,in Faku County,maize is one of the most important crops,maize straw production industry is the largest,accounting for about 80% of all crops.For a long time,straw as an "unimportant" agricultural product has been neglected by people.Many straw is discarded,burned,or only a small part is used as livestock feed or household fuel.The utilization rate is very low,and the transportation cost is high.However,more and more studies have shown that straw is rich in nutrients and trace elements needed for crop growth.Returning straw to the field in the right way can increase soil fertility,increase income and yield,improve soil physical and chemical properties,provide a good environment for crop growth,and reduce straw burning.Air pollution and soil hardening.Many studies have shown that due to the long-term use of chemical fertilizers,the fertility of soil in Northeast China is far less than that of the previous year,and the thickness of black soil is also decreasing year by year.In order to cope with this problem,the state has promulgated the corresponding black land conservation tillage policy in Northeast China.Faku County is a large agricultural production county in Shenyang City,which can produce a large number of corn straw every year,but the investigation of straw returning data at county level is still very few.This paper estimates the output of maize straw according to the annual maize output of Faku County,and in order to understand the present situation of returning straw to the field in Faku County,formulates questionnaire and interview questions,summarizes the problems faced by the popularization of the technology of returning hep atitis A virus to the field in Faku County,and puts forward some improvement strategies and measures.Comprehensive application of straw returning in Faku County,Faku County under the jurisdiction of 19 townships,198 million mu of arable land,corn and rice based on the total amount of straw 806,000 tons,the overall target of straw utilization in 2017 is to achieve a comprehensive utilization rate of more than 90%,of which,150,000 mu of straw returned to the field,the use of 139,500 tons of straw.Based on the data analysis of 184 effective farmer households by questionnaires,this paper finds out the existing problems,summarizes relevant experiences and methods,and puts forward suggestions from two aspects: technical training and mechanical training: 1.technical training includes expert lectures organized by agricultural technology extension departments,Agricultural Technology Technical Promotion Commissioner to the countryside guidance,including distance classes,network courses and demonstrati on site visits and learning;2,unloading training is mainly by enterprises on the sale of machinery to explain,the relevant government departments do is to organize and coordinate the work,including mechanical principles and operating procedures.In the end,this paper puts forward some improvement measures: 1.Local government departm ents should go deep into the grassroots farmers to conduct field research,correctly understand the actual needs of farmers for straw returning technology,targeted formulation of favorable policies,formulation of regional development characteristics of the promotion strategy,dispel their doubts,stimulate farmers to use straw.The enthusiasm of the new technology of straw returning to the field;2.The choice of technology should follow the principle of adapting measures to local conditions;3.The government should be aware of the great role of straw returning technology in ecology and economy,and increase its support,from just forbidding and eliminating burning straw to correct guidance and positive incentive;4.In research and development,the government should actively contact with scientific research institutes to achieve mutual cooperation and win-win situation.