| Green development of aquaculture industry is the basis of ensuring long-term sustainable development of aquaculture industry.The issue of green development of aquaculture industry has attracted the attention of various departments of the state.The Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Natural Resources jointly issued several opinions on promoting green development of aquaculture.The green development of aquaculture was expounded from the aspects of scientific planning,transformation of production mode and aquaculture environment.The Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to speed up the reform of the ecological civilization system,pay full attention to green development and ecological environment protection,and promote the green development of aquaculture,which is conducive to the implementation of the strategy of Rural Revitalization and the guarantee of national food security.With the development of economy and the improvement of people’s living standard,aquatic products are the main daily consumables of people’s life.People’s demand for aquatic products is increasing.Mariculture is the main source of aquatic products supply.The sustainable and stable development of mariculture industry is of great significance to ensure the supply of aquatic products.In terms of economic benefits,China’s fishery output value is increasing,and its position in agriculture is becoming more and more important.With the improvement of China’s opening to the outside world,the export trade volume and foreign exchange earning capacity of aquatic products are constantly improving,making more and more contributions to economic development.In order to promote the development of mariculture industry,China has been providing policy support for the planning of fishing port construction and the construction of marine economic development demonstration zones in order to highlight local characteristics and promote the long-term and stable development of marine fisheries.The development of contemporary economy should take the protection of ecological environment as the premise and strike a balance between economic development andenvironmental protection.The new economic development theory includes the theory of ecological economic benefit,sustainable development,circular economy and green economy.The new economic development theory emphasizes the development of economy on the premise of environmental protection,so that economic development can not only be achieved.Economic benefits and environmental benefits have been achieved at the same time.At present,the mariculture industry in China is on the rise in terms of labor force,area and economic income.The income of fishermen is on the rise.The economic benefit of mariculture has made a positive contribution to economic development.While bringing economic benefits,mariculture is developing rapidly due to extensive development and low technical level.The environment is polluted.According to the statistical bulletin,the main pollutants in our marine fishery are inorganic nitrogen,active phosphate and chemical oxygen demand,among which the proportion of inorganic nitrogen exceeding the standard is more than 60%.According to the bulletin of ecological environment quality of coastal waters in China,only 34.5% of the first-class water quality in coastal waters,indicating that the proportion of good water quality in China’s seawater is low,so it is imperative to reduce the pollution of seawater.To mitigate the task,the main operating areas of mariculture in China are in the coastal waters.Reducing the pollution of mariculture to the coastal waters is of great significance for the protection of the marine environment.There are three main factors to promote the production of mariculture: one is to increase the input factors such as labor force and area of mariculture;the other is to improve the scientific and technological level of mariculture so as to promote the production of mariculture by technological progress;the third is to improve the technical efficiency of mariculture.In the case of resource constraints,the improvement of scientific and technological level can not be promoted in a short period of time,so the technical efficiency becomes high.In order to improve the production of mariculture in a short time,most scholars mainly focus on technical efficiency,without considering the impact of mariculture on the environment.From the perspective of ecological efficiency,they measure the efficiency of mariculture,consider the impact of unexpected environmental pollutants,and synthetically study the efficiency of mariculture from both economic and environmental aspects,fully considering the environmental impact of mariculture.Influence.Firstly,this paper evaluates the overall efficiency of mariculture in China.The overall efficiency value of mariculture in China maintains above 0.96,and the efficiency value of mariculture in many years is effective.By calculating the technical efficiency of mariculture with parametric method and non-parametric method,the applicability and difference of the two methods in measuring the technical efficiency of mariculture are evaluated comprehensively.There is significant consistency in the order of efficiency of mariculture measured by the two methods,and there is significant difference in the technical efficiency of mariculture measured by the two methods.The significance and influencing factors of mariculture efficiency are analyzed.The research shows that there is a significant positive correlation between the technical efficiency of mariculture and the yield of mariculture.Through the analysis of the influencing factors of the technical efficiency of mariculture,mariculture Technology The main factors affecting the technical efficiency of mariculture are the technical level of mariculture,mariculture structure,proportion of mobile fishing vessels,mariculture production value level and mariculture scale.According to the factors affecting the technical efficiency of mariculture,the corresponding strategies for improving the technical efficiency of mariculture are put forward.Secondly,considering the impact of mariculture on the environment,considering the unexpected output when measuring the efficiency of mariculture,and measuring the efficiency of mariculture from the ecological perspective,the study shows that the three provinces with higher efficiency of mariculture in China are Guangxi,Fujian and Guangdong.Through the study of the influencing factors of mariculture efficiency,the main influencing factor is production from the macro point of view.Industry structure,opening degree,science and education level,government environmental regulation,urbanization level and so on.At the same time,it provides policy recommendations for the development of marine aquaculture ecological efficiency. |
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