Effects Of Different Cultivation Techniques On The Growth And Development Of Dwarfing Rootstock Fuji Apple

Apple dwarf rootstock self high spindle cultivation system as the world’s most efficient apple cultivation system.In recent years,the rapid development of Jiangsu Province,but the lack of supporting cultivation technology system.So we were in Fengxian County LiangZhai at 2016,Based on the 2-3 year old dwarfing rootstock Apple demonstration garden,Carried out related research.The aim is to provide technical support for apple cultivation mode.The main research aspects are as follows:1)Effects of different planting heights of Dwarfing Rootstock on growth and development of apple:Dwarfing Rootstock:as an important part of the fruit has a dual role:on the one hand the influence of tree mineral nutrient absorption,transport and utilization;on the other hand it plays an important role in regulating the growth and fruit quality of the above ground tree.In this study,the effects of different rootstocks on the mineral elements,fruit quality and fruit growth potential of apple leaves were studied with Fuji apple as material.The results showed that with the increase of the height of the ground,the growth potential of the tree decreased,the trunk diameter and tree height decreased,and the growth rate decreased.The growth potential of orchard can be consistent.The leaf area index and leaf chlorophyll content increased firstly and then decreased,when the rootstock 4-8 leaf area index reached 1.59,the content of chlorophyll 55.24;leaf mineral element content when the 0cm content of the larger stock.When the height of stock was 4-8cm,the fruit weight was the largest,the fruit shape index was good,and the sugar and acid content was better than other treatments.2)Effects of different planting densities on the growth and development of young apple trees with dwarfing rootstock:reasonable planting density and planting structure adjustment,is conducive to the formation of tree canopy,and make full use of solar energy,improve energy efficiency,to achieve the purpose of improving fruit yield and quality.Based on the analysis of tree structure,leaf area index and fruit quality,the suitable planting density.The 4m×1m planting density,the growth potential of the tree is the most exuberant,larger leaf area index,and fruit quality is better than the other 4m×1.5m,4m×2m;The yield decreases with the spacing of expansion,4mxlm when the highest yield was 32298kg/hm2;but the content of chlorophyll,with planting density decreased,chlorophyll content decreased.3)Effects of different branch angles on the growth and development of apple branches of Dwarfing Rootstock:Based on the tree branch,ventilation and light conditions can improve the tree,improve the tree structure,promote tree growth,promote flower bud differentiation and development of fruits.The branch is an essential measure in today’s dwarf orchard.Practice in the production process in order to better promote the dwarf apple branch,branch angle to determine more accurately,the test in three years and annual dwarf apple trees as materials,bending from different angles on the branches.Explore the branch angle of dwarfing apple tree growth for three years,affect the quality of the fruit,and branch angle on chlorophyll content of three years and one year of apple dwarf and leaf mineral element content.The results show that the body with branch angle increased by three year old trees,the growth potential gradually decreased;when the branch angle is 110 degrees,the fruit quality in most excellent state.The chlorophyll content of leaves increased with the increase of the angle of the branches,and the annual tree content was higher than that of the three year old tree;The flower bud differentiation rate of the three year old tree was the highest at the height of 110 cm,reaching to 66.9%;The content of mineral elements in the annual tree was the highest at 100 degrees,and the highest in the three year old tree was about 110 degrees.Therefore,the angle should not be too high or too low,around 110 degrees more appropriate.4)Effects of different pollination methods on fruit setting and fruit quality:efficient pollination method can not only guarantee the tree fruit rate,output can reduce labor force,reduce the labor intensity of artificial pollination,facilitate the orchard production management,improve production efficiency.The effects of artificial pollination,pollination,pollination and natural pollination on the fruit setting rate and fruit quality of apple orchard in Fengxian County,Jiangsu province were studied by using 4 kinds of supplementary pollination techniques,i.e.,artificial point,liquid pollination,bee pollination and natural pollination.The results show that the 4 pollination methods of apple varieties in the region have significant influence fruit rate,fruit quality,the effect of "artificial point better,inflorescence fruit rate reached 54.3%,the flower setting rate reached 44.1%,also maintained excellent fruit quality,can produce greater economic benefits.5)Study on the technology system of precision fruit retention:The suitable amount of fruit was beneficial to the quality of the fruit and the requirement of high quality production.Appropriate fruit retention,not only can guarantee the yield,but also to ensure the quality of the fruit,so that the economic benefits of sustainable development.The effects of different treatments on fruit weight,fruit firmness,fruit appearance quality and fruit quality were studied in red Fuji apple.The results showed that:in the middle management level under the condition of fruit weight was 3/cm2,average fruit weight,higher fruit appearance quality and fruit internal quality is better;the amount of remaining fruit is too large or too small,single fruit weight,fruit appearance quality,internal quality is relative to the fruit yield in 3/cm2 is poor;ensure the premise the amount of remaining fruit remained at around 3/cm2,better effect on fruit growth,fruit quality,tree growth and robust.