| Garlic is one of the important economic crops in China.The planting area and output of garlic rank first in the world.However,due to the agronomic requirements of garlic cultivation and the slow development of garlic planting machinery,garlic cultivation currently relies mainly on manual labor,with low mechanization,high labor cost and poor planting quality.Although there are some garlic planting machines,due to the serious phenomenon of missed sowing and re-sowing,it is difficult to meet the agronomic requirements of garlic "one hole and one garlic" single planting,especially the technique of single planting is more difficult to meet the requirements of garlic production specifications,once the speed of seeding is slightly faster,the rate of re-sowing will be higher,this may lead to lower yield of garlic harvest.Therefore,the hysteresis of garlic planting machinery has severely hampered the development of the garlic planting machinery industry.(1)Based on the garlic planting agronomy of single planting,the principle and structural parameter of claw circulating single seed-picking device,which is the core component of the garlic planting machine,was calculated.In order to make the garlic planting machine and the core components of the whole machine meet the requirements of agronomy better,the agronomic parameters of garlic planting and shape parameter of garlic were studied before design,and the garlic species are classified,and the garlic arch curve is counted.The void ratio accumulated in different conditions of garlic was calculated,obtaining an average void ratio of the garlic seed porosity ε is 0.45-0.5.(2)Created a claw circulating single seed-picking device,adopting the design concept of “take more and stay one”,that is,taking 2-3 garlic seeds at a time,and clear side of the grid is slanted during the lifting process,and then removing the excess garlics,and finally only one garlic is left to ensure the agronomic requirements for single planting.(3)Performing indoor test bench test and EDEM discrete element simulation test on qualified rate,missing rate,replay rate with speed as single factor to verify the effectiveness of discrete element simulation test;Using EDEM discrete element software to carry out simulation test to analyze different sizes of claws having different influence on the garlic picked;The simulation and experiment of the seed-picking and seed-cleaning process were carried out by using the EDEM discrete element software,and the real-time average force and the average speed value of the picked garlic and the pushed garlic were counted by statistics.Analyze the effects of different speeds and grid inclination on the garlic removing process.(4)Using Design-Expert 8.0.6.1 to optimize the parameters such as the size of the claw and the angle of the clearing grid,the optimal result of the claw size is obtained: the arc radius is 48.52 mm,the central angle is 72.59 °,and the lateral width is 25.11 mm.The predicted target rate is 90.64%;the inclination angle of the grid is 7.01°,the predicted qualified is 92.84%,and the predicted missing rate is 3.70%.The physical test results are highly consistent with the simulation prediction results.(5)Prototype development and performance experiments.Design the claw circulating single seed-picking test bench device,and carry out the indoor test,verify the effect of performance parameters on single seed-picking,and optimize the test parameters according to the test results.Trial manufacture of a prototype and performance experiments inLinyi Jianling Mould Machinery Co.,Ltd.,the garlic field planting performance test was carried out.The results showed that all parameters of garlic planting met the national standard parameters of garlic production technical specifications. |
PDF Full Text Request