| Fertilizer is the “food” of food,an important source of nutrients for food growth,and an important guarantee for food security and continued increase in food production.However,in recent years,the excessive application of chemical fertilizers has restricted the development of grain production capacity,and the agricultural ecological environment has also been destroyed.How to guide farmers to apply fertilizer reasonably,reduce the application rate of chemical fertilizers,and improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers is the focus of research.This paper attempts to measure the fertilizer input efficiency of the country and major maize producing provinces scientifically,explore the dynamic space-time evolution law of fertilizer input efficiency in the main maize producing areas,and identify the main influencing factors of fertilizer input efficiency.The theoretical significance of the research is that it is beneficial to enrich the measurement method of fertilizer input efficiency,which is conducive to expanding the scope of application of relevant theories.The practical significance of the research is: it is conducive to improving the efficiency of chemical fertilizer input;it is conducive to the rea lization of "negative growth of fertilizer" and accelerating the transformation and upgrading of agriculture.The research contents are as follows: Firstly,define the concepts of main corn producing areas,corn production efficiency,corn fertilizer input efficiency and used farmers’ behavior theory,factor substitution theory,externality theory and attribution theory to view the investment behavior of farmers.Combined with the analysis of corn fertilizer input,it was found that the planting area,output,and yield level increase year by year in major corn producing areas and the country and the amount of chemical fertilizer applied increased.The fertilizer application rate in the main corn producing areas was higher than the national application level.Secondly,using the provincial panel data of the main corn producing areas from 2004 to 201 7 and the national total corn production data,the SFA model was used to calculate the corn production efficiency and fertilizer input efficiency.The production efficiency of corn has decreased year by year,and the efficiency of chemical fertilizer input has continued to rise.It has been found that the efficiency of corn fertilizer input is gradually decreasing from northeast to southwest.Thirdly,according to th e data characteristics of corn fertilizer input efficiency,the Tobit model was used to analyze the influencing factors of corn fertilizer input efficiency,and a Tobit regression model based on corn main production area sample,eastern sample,middle samp le and western sample was constructed.It is found that the scale of corn planting,the income level of farmers,the price of fertilizer,the quality of cultivated land and the availability of organic fertilizer are all important factors affecting the efficiency of corn fertilizer input in the main producing areas or east,central,and west regions.Finally,it is proposed to increase the efficiency of chemical fertilizer input: to promote moderate scale operation of corn;to cultivate new specialized farme rs;to increase the proportion of organic fertilizers;to improve the quality of cultivated land;and to formulate scientific fertilization management programs.According to the research results,the following conclusions are drawn: the average input efficiency of corn fertilizer in the country is 0.64,and the average fertilizer input efficiency in the main corn producing area is 0.58,which proves that it can save the higher fertilizer amount under the current technical conditions.Due to the differences in factors affecting the efficiency of fertilizer input in various regions,a differentiated scientific fertilization management program should be formulated. |
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