| As one of the most extensive and inevitable stressors for humans and animals in the cold region,the low temperature environment can easily induce cold stress in the body,causing a series of abnormal changes in energy metabolism,neuroendocrine,behavior and mood.Behavior is an important part of the function adjustment of the body to adapt to environmental changes.It can be said that the stability of the internal environment under cold stimulation is maintained by the unified regulation of autonomic nervous,endocrine,metabolism and behavior.At present,the behavioral changes of the body under cold stimulation and rewarming are still unclear.Therefore,this study aims to systematically observe the changes of spontaneous movement,exploratory behavior and anxiety in mice under different intensity cold stimulation and rewarming process,and combine the relevant blood physiological indicators in the corresponding state to summarize the changes and rules of behavior.The large amount of behavioral data collected in this study can lay a solid foundation for the establishment of temperature and behavior interaction models in the later stage;it can be used as an effective method to evaluate animals and temperature and welfare;at the same time,this study has strong regional characteristics and is cold.The development of human health and animal husbandry in the region is of great theoretical and practical significance.In order to eliminate the potential influencing factors in feeding and testing,and to ensure the credibility of the behavioral test results,this study strictly controls the test environment,procedures and body conditions and feeding management,and then uses the TM-Vison behavioral testing system for ICR.Mice were tested on open field and elevated plus maze to assess their reasonableness.The results showed that the relevant factors in this study were controlled accurately,the test results were stable,and the test environment,procedures and body conditions,and feeding management were reasonable,which could be applied in the next neurobehavioral measurement.To investigate the effects of different intensity cold stimulation on spontaneous movement,exploration behavior and anxiety in mice,ICR mice were subjected to different intensity cold stimulation(cold stimulation temperature gradients of 22℃,16℃ and 10 ℃ and 4℃).The time gradients were 2 h,4 h,6 h,8 h,and 10 h and 12 h at each temperature;after the normaltemperature control was 28℃),the open field test and the elevated plus maze test were performed immediately.The results showed that compared with the normal temperature control group,the spontaneous exercise increased under cold stimulation at 22℃,and increased significantly at 4 h and 6 h(P<0.05).There was no significant change in cold stimulation at 16℃,and a significant decrease in cold stimulation at 10℃ for 8 h(P< 0.01),4℃ cold stimulation was significantly reduced at 10 h(P<0.05);There was no significant change in exploratory behavior after cold stimulation at 22℃,but it decreased significantly at 16℃ for 10 h(P<0.01),6 h,8 h and 12 h at 10℃(P<0.01),6 h(P<0.01)and 10 h at 4℃(P<0.05);Anxiety was significantly decreased at 22℃ for 2 h(P<0.01),4 h(P<0.01)and 6 h(P<0.05),and significantly increased at16℃ for 12 h(P<0.01),10℃Cold stimulation was significantly increased at 8 h(P<0.05)and 10h(P<0.01),and significantly increased at 4℃ for 8 h(P<0.01).In order to investigate the effects of rewarming after cold stimulation on the spontaneous movement,exploration behavior and anxiety of mice,ICR mice were incubated at 22℃,16℃and 10℃ and 4℃ for 12 h.Immediately after the temperature(re-warming time gradients were 2h,4 h,6 h,8 h,and 10 h and 12 h),the open field test and the elevated plus maze test were performed.The results showed that there was no significant change in spontaneous exercise during cold stimulation at 22℃ and 16℃ in the normal temperature control group,only a significant increase in cold resuscitation at 10℃ and 4℃ for 2 h(P<0.05);The exploratory behavior was significantly reduced by cold stimulation at 22℃ for 10 h(P<0.05),cold resuscitation at 16℃ for 4 h and 8 h(P<0.05),and cold resuscitation at 10℃ for 6 h(P<0.01).)and 8 h(P<0.05)significantly decreased,4℃ cold stimulation rewar 4 h(P<0.01)and 8 h(P<0.05)significantly decreased;Anxiety was significantly decreased after cold resuscitation at22℃ for 2 h(P<0.01),4 h(P<0.01)and 6 h(P<0.05),and was significantly increased at 16℃after cold resuscitation for 12 h(P<0.01).The cold stimulation at 10℃ for 8 h(P<0.05)and 10 h(P<0.01)was significantly increased,and the cold stimulation at 4℃ for 8 h was significantly increased(P<0.01).In order to investigate the cold-stimulation of different intensities and the state of the mouse in rewarming,ICR mice were subjected to corresponding cold stimulation and rewarming and blood collection.ELISA was used to detect CORT,CRH,E,NE and DA and 5-HT in serum.s level.The results showed that compared with the normal temperature control group,CORT,CRH,E,NE,DA and 5-HT increased under different cold stimulation,and only CORT,E and DA increased during rewarming.In summary,cold stimulation has an inhibitory effect on spontaneous movement and inquiry behavior in mice,resulting in increased anxiety.However,cold stimulation at 22℃promoted spontaneous movement and inquiry behavior in mice,resulting in decreased anxiety.During the rewarming process,the mice’s movement,exploration and emotions can recover quickly;spontaneous exercise recovers more quickly and anxiety decreases.The changes in movement,exploration and mood of mice under different cold stimulation were related to the regulation of CORT,CRH,E,NE and DA and 5-HT,while CORT,E and DA played a role in the rewarming process. |
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