The Fertilizer Effeciency Of A Wheat-specific Starter Fertilizers

At present,there is no relevant research on special starter fertilizer which used for seed and fertilizer mixed seeding on wheat at home and abroad.Depending on the rapid development of control-release fertilizer industry,the study first put forward the advanced concept of seed and fertilizer mixed seeding,aiming to study the wheat-special fertilizer that can be used for seed and fertilizer mixed seeding.Three control-release compound fertilizers with different release periods,sustained release calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer and three different forms of zinc fertilizers were selected for germination experiment of seed and fertilizer mixed seeding.Based on the growth situation of wheat in seedling stage,proper nutrients composition and nutrients ratio were chosen for seed mixing fertilizer which used for wheat seed and fertilizer mixed seeding,and the appropriate fertilizing dosage was determined,then the fertilizer efficiency of whole-nutrition seed mixing fertilizer was analyzed.The experimental conclusions are as follows:?1?The nutrient contents of control-release compound fertilizers is 15-15-15?N:P₂O₅:K₂O?.The optimum use for Fertilizer A,B and C are 30%,30%and 50%according to weight of seeds.Comparing to each control group,the corresponding optimum dose leads to an average height increase by 9.86%,8.52%and 8.31%,together with an average dry-mass increase by 8.84%,8.48%and 8.22%per seedling in seven days,respectively.Fertilizer C with lower early nutrient release rate is safer.According to sowing 150 kg of seeds per hectare,if controlled-release fertilizer is used to sow mixing with seeds,only 45-75kg fertilizer is needed per hectare.Compared with traditional fertilization,the dosage of fertilizer was reduced by more than 80%.?2?As the dose of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer increases,The germination rate was not affected.The optimum dosage of calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer are 200%according to weight of seeds.Comparing to the control group,the corresponding optimum dose leads to an average height increase by 5.76%,together with an average dry-mass increase by 8.51%in seventh days,respectively.When the fertilizing dosage reaches 500%of the seed quality,The average height and dry-mass of wheat on the seventh day were still better than the control group.It indicates that the application of calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer in large quantities will not cause obvious seedling burning.Calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer is very safe when sowed mixing with seeds and can be safely applied.?3?Proper addition of Zn can promote germination rate of wheat seeds.The optimum use for ZnSO₄?EDTA-ZnNa₂ are 0.3%and 0.5%according to Zn to seed quality ratio.Comparing to the control group,the corresponding optimum dose leads to an average height increase by 5.16%and 3.78%,together with an average dry-mass increase by 6.32%and 3.96%per seedling in seven days,respectively.The optimum use for ZnO is 0.5%according to Zn to seed quality ratio.As the dose of ZnO increases,The average height and dry weight of wheat on the seventh day were relatively stable.It can be considered that:When the demand for Zn in wheat is relatively low,ZnSO₄ is suitable as seed mixing zinc fertilizer;In the areas where Zn element is scarce,insoluble ZnO with high safety and long effect period is more suitable for seed mixing zinc fertilizer.?4?In the experiment,manganese sulfate,zinc sulfate,copper sulfate,borax and control-release compound fertilizer were applied together.When fertilizer was applied mixed with seed,the mass ratio of each component to the wheat seed was:control-release compound fertilizer:Mn:Zn:Cu:B₂O₃:seed mass=50:0.3:0.3:0.1:0.2:100.The results showed that the average height and dry weight of wheat on the seventh day increased by 9.54%and 9.64%,respectively,without affecting the germination rate.Compared with the results of control-release compound fertilizer and micro fertilizer,the fertilizers effects were successively as follows:Nutrient fertilizer>C₅₀>Micronutrient fertilizer>0.3%ZnSO₄>CK.Therefore,the total nutrients fertilizer can comprehensively supply nutrients and has the strongest effect on wheat seedling growth.