Study On The Reproductive Biological Characteristics Of Armeniaca Vulgaris 'Lajiaoxing'

In this study,Armeniaca vulgaris ‘Lajiaoxing' as the research object,‘Dan Xing',‘Kumaiti',‘Kezilang' as the control varieties,to understand the reproductive biological characteristics of A.vulgaris ‘Lajiaoxing',the process of flower bud morphological differentiation,flowering biological characteristics,pollination and seed-setting characteristics,dynamic change of fruit development and organizational structure were studied.The main results are as follows:(1)The flower bud differentiation of A.vulgaris ‘Lajiaoxing' lasted about 90 d,and focused on the end of June to the end of August.The differentiation process was divided into six periods,and the differentiation stage were overlapping.(2)The initial flowering stage of A.vulgaris ‘Lajiaoxing' was at the beginning of April,and the flowering persisted 8 days,was shorter than the control variety.Single flower,5 flower petals,oval petals and pale pink,yellow pollen pistil,1 pistil,31 stamens,superior ovary flower,the pistil abortion was 23%,1 day after flowering was the best time for pollination.The pollen morphology of A.vulgaris ‘Lajiaoxing' was long spherical,and the exine ornamentation was striped,the lines were parallel and cross,the arrangement was close,and the perforation was less.The pollen amount of single flower was 59279.0,the optimum medium of A.vulgaris ‘Lajiaoxing' was 15% sucrose + 0.03% boric acid + 1% agar,germination rate was 52.94%,was low.(3)If the combinations were compatible the pollen tube could be extended to the base of the style at 72 h after pollination,otherwise,pollen tube could only be extended to 2/3 of the style.A.vulgaris ‘Lajiaoxing' was self-incompatible,and its fruit setting rate was relatively low,pollination tree was needed.‘Kezilang' is the most suitable pollinizer for ‘Lajiaoxing'.(4)The growth curve of fruit diameter and fresh weight of A.vulgaris ‘Lajiaoxing' showed a typical double "S".The process of fruit development was divided into 4 developmental stages,the daily growth of fruit diameter was the biggest in the first rapid growth period,and the daily growth rate of dry and fresh weight was the biggest in the mature period.A.vulgaris ‘Lajiaoxing' compared with the control varieties,two rapid growth stage were longer 1 week,slow growth stage was shorter 1 week.The seed development process was divided into 2 stages: rapid growth and slow growth.(5)Apricot is marginal placentation,ovule is amphitropous and anatropous.There were 1?2 cells in the epidermis and 2?4 layers in the sub-epidermis.The cells of mesocarp began to expand after the end of the blooming period,and the order of the enlargement was from outside to inside.The endocarp was finally differentiated into three different cell areas,the order of ignification was from outside to inside.From the bud stage,the mesocarp cells of A.vulgaris ‘Lajiaoxing' had been vigorously split,and the split lasted about 4 weeks.The growth curve of the diameter of the mesocarpcells showed a typical double "S".(6)The second to third week after blooming period was the key period to determine the shape of fruit.The size of fruit was mainly affected by the number of cell layers of the mesocarp.Fruit shape index was affected by the cell layers and diameter of mesocarp.The deflective fruit shape may be related to the asymmetric growth of the pericarp and seed.‘Lajiaoxing' exhibited 3 kinds of shape,was due to pericarp cells stretched to different degrees and the cell layers decreased significantly in different part of fruit.