Study On Simple Fertilization Technology Of Potted Dwarf Tomato

Balcony agriculture is a trend in the development of urban modern agriculture.It is an agricultural activity carried out in family balconies or other free space.Because of late start,the supporting planting techniques on balcony agriculture are still not perfect and the practitioners lack experience in planting and curing in our country.Blind fertilization causes poor growth of vegetables,low yield and waste of resources,which reduces the enthusiasm of the practitioners.Therefore,this paper use potted ornamental tomato'Red Robin'as the material.Based on the concluded that the tomato growth period was 90 days in the previous experiment,study the effects of water soluble fertilizer and bag controlled release fertilizer on growth,yield and quality of tomato.To obtain the optimal fertilization in the corresponding fertilization pattern,which provides a technical reference for the simplified and precise fertilization,and provides theoretical basis for the promotion and development of balcony vegetables.The main findings are as follows:1.With increasing of water-soluble fertilizer?WSF?dosage,the content of chlorophyll,the net photosynthetic rate of leaves,the root length,the surface area,volume of root and the root activity increased,but beyond a certain dosage the above indexes decreased.The net photosynthetic rate of leaves and the root activity were higher under 100%WSF treatment,but there was no significant difference between treatment of Yamazaki formula nutrient solution.The yield per plant,the contents of soluble sugar,organic acid,soluble protein,Vc and lycopene increased first and then decreased with the increasing of WSF dosage,and all were higher at 100%treatment,the yield significantly increased by 45.2%and 11.6%compared with no fertilizer and the fertilization of nutrient solution.With the increasing of WSF,the utilization ratio of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer gradually decreased.Under 100%treatment,the utilization ratio of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer was 37.6%,39.4%and 44.6%,5.6%,19.8%and 49.2%higher than that of Yamazaki nutrient solution,respectively..2.Under the experimental conditions,the growth period of potted ornamental tomatoes was 90 days.After 30 days of planting,water-soluble fertilizer?20-10-20?was used to irrigate tomatoes every 15 days.When the irrigation amount was 2496.2 mg,1208.6 mg,1664.6 mg and 1747.3 mg in turn,the yield of tomatoes was higher,11.6%higher than the general formula of Yamazaki,and the utilization ratio of nitrogen?N?,phosphorus?P?and potassium?K?was increased by 5.6%,19.8%and 49.2%,respectively.The contents of soluble sugar,organic acid and lycopene were significant.It is superior to Yamazaki's general formula treatment.3.With the time going,the release rates of nitrogen?N?,phosphorus?P?and potassium?K?in bag-controlled release fertilizer increased gradually.Under the two treatments of planted and un-planted tomato,the release rate of nitrogen?N?was released rapidly from 0 to45 days,89.5%and 73.4%were released at 45 days,and the treatment of planted tomato was21.9%higher than that of unplanted treatment.The nitrogen release was complete under the treatment of planted tomato at 75 days,and the un-planted at 90 days.The release rate of phosphorus?P?under the two treatments was consistant,74.6%and 67.6%were released at 45days,and 94.3%and 85.4%were released at 90 days,the release rate of potassium?K?was released rapidly from 0 to 28 days,released 52.6%and 36.5%respectively,and then released more smoothly.91.4%and 64.2%were released respectively under the two trentments at 90days,and the planted treatment was 42.4%higher than that of un-planted treatment.4.With the increase of bagged controlled release fertilizer,chlorophyll a and carotenoid content in tomato leaves increased,net photosynthetic rate increased,root length,surface area and root volume increased,root activity increased,and yield per plant increased.The net photosynthetic rate,root activity and tomato yield per plant were higher when applying bagged controlled-release fertilizer of N 708.4 mg,P₂O₅ 680.4 mg and K₂O 583.4 mg per plant,which were 11.7%,14.3%and 18.5%higher than that of the general nutrient solution treatment of Yamazaki,respectively.However,when applying bagged controlled-release fertilizer of N 708.4 mg,P₂O₅ 680.4 mg and K₂O 583.4 mg,the effect was opposite.The contents of soluble sugar,organic acid,soluble protein,VC and lycopene in fruit also increased first and then decreased with the increase of the application amount.When N 944.6mg,P₂O₅ 907.2 mg and K₂O 777.8 mg were applied per plant,the contents of soluble sugar,soluble protein,Vc and lycopene in fruit were higher,which significantly improved the nutritional quality of Tomato fruit.The utilization rates of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were 57.5%,62.2%and 66.9%respectively when the amount of bagged controlled-release fertilizer was N 708.4 mg,P₂O₅ 680.4 mg and K₂O 583.4 mg per plant,which were 61.5%,89.1%and 123.7%higher than that of Kawasaki nutrient solution,respectively.5.In the paper,it was beneficial to growth,yield that bag-controlled release fertilizer N708.4 mg?P₂O₅ 680.4 mg?K₂O 583.4 mg was fertilization for per potted ornamental tomato,compared with the formula of Yamazaki nutrient solution,the yield increased by 18.5%.and it was beneficial to quality that bag-controlled release fertilizer N 944.6 mg?P₂O₅ 907.2 mg?K₂O 777.8 mg for per potted ornamental tomato.