Study On The Reproductive Biology Of Iris Scariosa Willd

Iris scariosa was geared to parennial herb community of Iris,which spread over in xinjiang China and Russia’s Siberia,with high value of ornamental,ecological adaptability and resisting performance in our region.This project researches on the basic problem such as characteristic of seed germination,pollen viability and stigma receptivity,characteristic of flowering and breeding system,the major results were summarized as follows:(1)The type of aperture is monocolpate,belongs to the distal single groove plans to ditch;the benzidine-α-naphthol and pollen germination in vitro could be the ideal method to test pollen viability and germination percentage.The single flower was about 2-2.5 days,the higher pollination maintained in first flowering day reached for 78.8%,the long time flowering,the lower pollination rate;the stigma receptivity was from before 1 day to after 32 h of flowering day.(2)The Iris scariosa population started to bloom in early May,the flowering season of this population was about 25 days,It has 2 flowers stand on one scape,The stamen was close to the petaloid style and 2.72 mm shorter than the style,and the relative position between the stamen and style was always unchanged.The out crossing index was 4,P/O was 1246,Taking the results of bagging experiment showed it belongs to cross-pollinated plant,suggesting that sextual reproduction influenced by less pollinator in nature.(3)The seed viability of Iris scariosa was 100%,better water permeability with seed coat and endosperm,and matured embryo.The major reasons of seed geimination as follow: Micropylar end has obviously mechanical constraint affect on seeds germination,the testa and the endosperm are contained ethanol dissolvability restrain material.The seed germination rate was low in nature condition,15/25 degree was suitable for it;The low temperature treatment(4℃)can effectivily break the dormancy of Iris scariosa,and shorten the germination time,stractification 40 d could reach 96%;The treatment concentration of NaOH have little effect when it is less than 10%,the more higher concentration,the lower germination rate;There was no effect with different of gibberellin.(4)Division propagation of Iris scariosa in the spring and autumn could reach the higher survival rate above 85%,for which blossom and bear fruit normally.Sow a year later with released dormancy,the next springs sprout,the seedlings come out evenly and germination rate was 85%.