| In the process of maize growth,a large amount of fertilizer is needed.Adequate nutrient supply is the key to obtain high quality and high yield of summer maize,and the application of fertilizer is the key measure to provide nutrients.The experiment was carried out in Nanping Town,Suixi County,Anhui Province in 2017 years,and in Huigu Town,Suzhou City,respectively.The first stubble was winter wheat,the summer maize was used as the test crop,and the maize variety Longping 208 was used as the material.The research method was to combine indoor nutrient analysis with field experiment to study the effects of different fertilizer application conditions on maize plant nutrients,yield and related components,and to explore the effect of different fertilizer treatments on soil available nutrition.The purpose of this paper is to find out the best scheme of fertilizer proportion and to provide theoretical basis for the rational application of fertilizer in maize production.The main conclusions are as follows:1.The application of different fertilizer in the two experimental fields achieved the effect of increasing the thousand kernel weight,ear weight and yield of summer maize on the whole.After applying compound fertilizer,the yield of Suixi experimental field was increased by 71～2186.7 kg·hm-2 and the increase rate was 0.7～21.30.The yield was increased by 534.8～3751.5 kg·hm2 and the increase rate was 4.9～34.3 after application of compound fertilizer in Suzhou;Suixi 26-8-6 fertilizer application decreased 25 times.The highest yield for corn is 12449 kg·hm-2,and under the same condition of nitrogen level in Suzhou,the highest yield of maize was 14680 kg·hm-2 when applied 26-8-6.Different application methods of zinc fertilizer also caused different zinc content in maize grain.The highest effect of surface spraying was 27.84 mg/kg,while that of soil application was 20.22 mg/kg.2.With the growth of maize,the nitrogen and phosphorus contents of summer maize leaves of different fertilizer treatments showed a "S" type change as a whole,while potassium nutrient content basically maintained a downward trend.In Suixi,when fertilizer was reduced by 25%,the content of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and potassium in leaf slices was lower than that in normal dosage,and the content of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and potassium in leaves was mainly reduced under the same nitrogen level and at the same growth stage.There were some differences in nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium contents among different treatments,but there was no significant difference at harvest stage(P<0.05).3.After the application of fertilizer,the pH of the soil was regulated,which increased the pH of the partially acidic soil in Suixi and decreased the pH of the alkaline soil in Suzhou.The content of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in Suixi experimental field showed a decreasing trend in the mature stage,but the content of available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil of the test field of Suzhou increased in the mature stage.The content of organic matter in soil showed an increasing trend,and the effect of applying 26-8-6 on the whole was better.4.Based on the experimental results of Suixi and Suzhou,the effects of different fertilizer on maize yield,leaf nutrients and soil available nutrients were compared.It was concluded that the effect of applying 26-8-6 was more prominent.The effect of urea formaldehyde slow-release fertilizer was also obvious when reducing 25%.The nutrient release of urea formaldehyde slow release fertilizer was slow in the early stage of maize growth,and the release was fast and large in the later stage,which could better meet the requirement of nutrients in the process of maize growth and development.It can also improve the absorption and utilization of N,P,K and other nutrients in maize,thereby increasing yield and increasing efficiency. |
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