Development Of A Selection Scheme For Mongolian Spotted Horse Based On Genotyping

The study of horse coat color gene plays an important role in the field of coat color genetics,it is one of the important research contents.The hair color is not only an important basis for the identification of varieties and individuals,but also one of the important traits that must be considered in the formulation of breeding programs.Many phenotypes in the biological world are regulated by multiple genes,including coat color phenotypes.There are many candidate genes that affect the formation of coat color,for example,MC1 R,ASIP,KIT,TYRP,EDNRB,STX17,MATP,PMEL17 and so on.Current studies have shown that the TRPM1 and RFWD3 are the main candidate genes that affect the formation of spotted coat color.Researchers have studied the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in TRPM1 and RFWD3 genes with spotted coat phenotypes.In addition,foreign researchers have found that the TRPM1 is also associated with congenital stationary night blindness in Appaloosa,mainly in the patterns of few-spot or snowcap.In this study,60 Mongolian Spotted Horse was used as the research object,two candidate genes,TRPM1 and RFWD3 were selected to identify the coat color of Mongolian spotted horse at molecular level,and the results were consistent with the published results.It also lays a theoretical foundation for the molecular breeding of Mongolian Spotted Horse in the future.The results showed that there was a typical C/T heterozygosity(ECA1 108?249?293 C > T)in the TRPM1 gene of Mongolian Spotted Horse compared with the control group.Therefore,TRPM1 gene is the main gene that determines the spotted coat color character of Mongolian Horse.By sequencing the 3’control region of RFWD3 gene,3 different polymorphisms were found at a single locus(ECA3 23?658?447 T > G),namely,T/T,T/G and G/G.Among them,T/G heterozygous individuals had the highest probability of forming leopard pattern.This site can be used as a molecular breeding marker for the ideal Mongolian Spotted Horse in the future breeding process.