Morphological Development And Physiological Changes During Flowering Period And Fructification Period In Castanopsis Hystrix

Castanopsis hystrix is a monoecious and allogamous plant,and the imbalance ratio of male and female flowers is the main reason of its low yield.Understanding the physiological differentiation mechanism of flowering process cod provide theoretical basis for artificially regulating flower process and increasing yield of seed orchard.In this paper,the poly-male type(PMT)and poly-female type(PFT)of C.hystrix were used as materials,to observe the morphological development,and test dynamic variation of physiological and biochemical indicators such as enzyme activity,carbohydrate,soluble protein and mineral elements during the flowering and fruiting period,in order to discover the nutrient basis and their variation rule for PMT and PFT.The main conclusions were as follows:1.C.hystrix began flower bud differentiation at the end of January,and the inflorescence declined in the late June,which lasted about five months.The male inflorescences flowering period was 30 to 40 days,and the blossom period was 13 to 15 days.Female flower differentiation time was about 50 days.Morphologically,male inflorescences were more pods and more loosely arranged,and its flower buds were fuller before flowering.2.The accumulation of leaf soluble sugar,starch,soluble protein content and SOD activity was conducive to the differentiation of flower buds.At the blossom period,the leaf soluble sugar and starch content of PFT were significantly higher than that of PMF.The quantity of significant relation between the content of leaf mineral elements were more in PFT than PMF.3.The fruit developed from early July and ended in late November.It lasted for four months.In mid-August,spiny bract became larger,and in September,acupuncture grew outside.In late October,acupuncture punctured around the spiny bract.On November 15 th,the cupule was mature and was brownish-brown.The top of the spiny bract was naturally cracked,with 2 cracks mostly,and a few 3 or 4 cracks.4.High content of soluble sugar was conducive to the fruiting process.During the middle period of fruit development,the PMT leaves had a higher content of soluble sugar and starch.At the final stage,the leaf soluble protein content of PFT was significantly higher than that of PMT(P<0.05).There was a positive correlation between nitrogen and phosphorus,copper and nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,sulfur and manganese in leaves of polyandrogynous females,but the degree of correlation was different.5.The soil pH was weak acidic during the fruiting period.There were significant difference between soil mineral element contents.There were some significant correlations between soil mineral elements,and the correlation values were basically greater than 0.70.6.There were some significant correlations between the soil mineral elements and the leaf mineral elements during the fruiting period.The correlations between mineral elements in soil and PMT and PFT leaves had similar results but also varied.