Study On Seedling Cultivation Techniques Of Torreya Grandis

Torreya grandis is a high-value economic nut and woody oil tree species,endemic to China,and has broad prospects for development.At present,seedlings are lacking,especially Excellent variety seedlings,at the same time,the survival rate of high-quality nursery stocks is low.Therefore,research on seedlings for improved seedling containers is urgently needed.In this paper,the seedlings,cuttings and grafting techniques of seedlings of Citron were compared and studied.Different propagation methods including seeding,cutting and grafting were used in this study.Moreover,this study used different substrates,containers,different stockage,Scion,grafting time,grafting techniques;different cutting techniques,hormonal treatment and thickness and length of cuttings to investigate the survival rate and growth of seedlings.This study will facilitate the selection of suitable seedlings for transplanting and guide the practice of production.The results were following:(1)By comparing three different germination treatments,it was learned that controlling temperature is the key to early budding.After the double-layer plastic arch shed warming and precipitating method,the germination rate of the germinating seeds was greatly improved.The germination rate reached more than 90%(conventional treatment is about 50% to 60%),and germination time was 2 months earlier than the traditional method of seeds propagation.Seeding growth was vigorous in the first year of seedlings cultivation.(2)This study investigated the effect different substrates on establishment and growth of Torreya seedlings.Results showed that the substrate containing 50% Yellow soil+30% of peat soil+15% of rice husk ash+4% of rice hulls + 1%(organic fertilizer,lime,slow-release fertilizer)was the more suitable for the growth of both seedling and sapling.The Seedling height and diameter were higher than those of the seedlings cultivated in other substrate formulations,the average planting survival rate of seedlings under the substrate was above 97%,it is about 17% higher than the other three substrates.(3)Comparison of the nursery growing in the two kinds of containers using non-woven cloth and black cloth showed that the non-woven container seedlings were significantly superior to the traditional black cloth seedlings in terms of ground diameter,seedling height,number of lateral branches and growth index.The average seedling height of 2-year-old seedlings in non-woven containers was 67.15 cm,that of black plasticcontainers was 44.7 cm,the non-woven containers was 50.22% higher than that of black plastic container seedlings,and the average diameter of non-woven container seedlings was 0.80 cm,black cloth containers was 0.68 cm,the non-woven container seedlings were17.65% higher than the black plastic container seedlings.(4)In the study of the grafted seedling technology of Torreya grandis,2 years old saplings were selected as rootstocks,the survival rate of grafting reached 93.21%,which was 44.92% and 24.33% higher than that of the one-year-old and three-year-old respectively;With excellent shoots as the scion,the grafting survival rate reached 89.27%,which was 25.8% higher than the seedling shoots;The survival rate after continuous anvil long spike earring and 45°outward oblique incision was about 97%,which was about 13%higher than that of ordinary anvil cut;In October,the survival rate of grafting in the greenhouse was about 97%,which was about 10% higher than the survival rate after grafting in the spring,and the growth was relatively good.(5)The survival rate of cuttings was the highest when the middle shoots of the trunk shoots were selected as the cuttings,which was 89.37%.The survival rate was 93.33%when the length of cuttings was 15~20 cm and the thickness was 0.3 cm,which was 22%higher than the cuttings more than 20 cm long and 0.3 cm thick,33% higher than the cuttings less than 20 cm in length and 0.3 cm thick;Dipping the cuttings in 1000 mg/kg No.6 rooting powder showed the best survival rate reached 92.67%,and thesurvival rate is about 10%~35% higher than that of other hormones,and its preservation rate and growth volume are also superior to other hormone treatments.