| Amino acid is the basic structural unit of protein,the amino acid of diet is very close to animal and having the higher value.Low-protein amino acid balance diets is using the amino acid balance to increase nutrient metabolism,improve nutrient utilization,reduce diet costs,and increase economic efficiency.In this study,the threonine levels of low protein diet were used to study the growth,development of nutrients,digestibility of nutrients and serum biochemical indicators in different physiological stages,and the appropriate level of threonine for low protein diets was selected to provide amino acid nutrition for the sika deer Provide data support.Experiment 1 and 2,24 infant deer were randomly selected,randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 in each group.The prefeeding period was 15 days and the formal period was 30 days.Experiment 3 and 4,20 deer were randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 in each group.The prefeeding period was 15 days,the formal periods were 45 days and 65 days respectively.In control group I,16% and 15.15% of high protein diets were fed during weaning and wintering periods,respectively.The experimental group fed 14% and 13.46% of low-protein diets during weaning and wintering periods,respectively,and supplemented with Lys,Met,and Thr,the Lys and Met of each group remained the same,and the Thr level of the weaning period was 0.54%(Group I),0.46%(Group II),0.59%(Group III),and 0.72%(Group IV).Over-winter phase Thr levels were 0.55%(group I),0.47%(group II),0.53%(group III)),0.58%(Group IV).The test results indicated that:In the early wean,the final weight of group II was lower than group III and group IV(P<0.05);the ADG of group II was lower than other groups(P<0.01);the ADFI of group I was lower than other groups(P<0.01);the F/G of group II was higher than other groups(P<0.01),group I was higher than group III and IV(P<0.01);the CP digestibility of group I was lower than group III and group IV(P<0.01),and higher than group II(P<0.01).The diet energy digestibility of group I was lower than group III and IV(P<0.01);the Ca digestibility of group III was higher than group II(P<0.01);the His,Asp,Glu,Gly,Cys digestibility of group I was higher than group II(P<0.05),the Lys,Met,Thr,Arg,Ala,Tyr digestibility of group I was lower than group III(P<0.01),the digestibility of Val,Leu,Phe,and Ser was lower than group III(P<0.05);the digestibility of Ala was lower in group I than in group IV(P<0.01),and the digestibility of Lys,Thr,Val,Ala was significantly lower than group IV(P<0.05);the serum TP and ALB levels of group I were higher than group II(P<0.01),and the GLB levels were higher than group IV(P<0.01);the serum Ig G levels were significantly higher than group II(P<0.01);the serum AST levels of group I was lower than group IV(P<0.01);the BUN levels of group I were higher than group III(P<0.01),and the ALP levels of group I were higher than group II and III(P <0.01),the CHO levels of group I were higher than group III and group IV(P<0.05),the IGF-1 levels group I were higher than group II and group IV(P<0.01),the GLU levels of group I were higher in group II(P<0.01),group IV(P<0.05);the serum ALT levels of group IV were higher than group II(P<0.01);group III had the best effect in the trial group,per ton of material lower than the control group 48.84 yuan.In the early wean 14% CP,Thr levels 0.59% is more appropriate.In the later wean,the ADG of group I was higher than group II(P <0.05),group IV was higher than group III(P <0.05),group II(P <0.01);the ADFI of group II was higher than other groups(P < 0.01);the F/G of group II was higher than other groups(P<0.01),and group III was higher than group I and group IV(P<0.01).The CP digestibility of group I was lower than group IV(P<0.01),group III(P<0.05).The EE digestibility of group I was lower than group IV(P<0.05).The energy digestibility of group I was lower than other groups(P<0.05).;the P digestibility of group II was lower than other groups(P<0.05);the rumen fluid Thr,Val,Ile,Leu,Asp,Ser,Glu,Gly,and Ala Levels of group I were lower than group IV(P <0.01),of which Thr,Ile,Leu,Ser,Ala was higher than Group II(P <0.01),Asp was higher than Group II(P <0.05),and lower than Group III(P <0.05),Glu was lower than Group III(P<0.05),Gly was lower than group III(P<0.01),higher than group II(P<0.01);the rumen fluid Lys levels of group I were lower than group IV(P<0.05),higher than group II(P <0.01),the rumen fluid Phe levels of group I were higher than group II(P<0.05);the rumen fluid Cys levels of group I were higher than other groups(P<0.01),and group IV was higher than group II(P<0.05);the rumen fluid Pro levels of group I were lower than group III(P<0.05),higher than group II(P<0.01);the serum Lys and Tyr levels of group I and group IV were higher than group II and III(P<0.01).the serum Val levels of group I and group II were higher than group III(P<0.05);the serum ILe levels of group III were lower than group I(P<0.01),group IV were higher than group III(P<0.05);the serum Leu levels of group III were lower than that of group I and IV(P<0.01),and lower than group II(P<0.05);the serum Phe levels of group I were higher than group III(P<0.05);the serum Ser levels of group III were higher than group IV(P<0.05);the serum Glu levels of group III were lower than group IV and group I(P<0.01).It were lower than group II(P<0.05);the serum Gly levels of group III were lower than group II(P<0.05);the serum Ala levels of group II were higher than other groups(P<0.01);the serum Cys levels of group I were higher than other groups;the Lys,Thr,Ile,Leu,Phe,His,Asp,Ser,Glu,Gly,Ala,Cys and Pro digestibility of group I was higher than group II(P<0.01),except group III and group IV Ser,Gly were also higher than group II(P <0.01),the Ser digestibility of group III and group IV than group II(P <0.05),the Gly digestibility of group IV higher than group II(P <0.01).In the later wean 14% CP,Thr levels 0.72% is more appropriate.In the early winter,the final weight of group I and group II was higher than group IV(P<0.05);the ADG of group IV was significantly lower than other groups(P<0.01);the group F/G was higher than group IV(P<0.01),Group II was lower than Group I and Group III(P<0.01);the EE digestibility of group IV was significantly lower than Group II(P<0.01)and Group III(P<0.05);the NDF digestibility of Group I was lower than Group II(P<0.05);the energy digestibility of group I was lower than group II(P<0.01);the Ca digestibility of group II was higher than other groups(P<0.01),and group IV was lower than group I and group III(P<0.01);the P digestibility of group II was higher than group IV(P<0.01),group I and group III(P<0.05);the Met and Thr digestibility of group II was higher than group I and IV(P<0.01),group III;(P<0.05).The Asp digestibility of group II was higher than other groups(P<0.05);the Ser digestibility of group I was lower than other groups(P<0.01);the Glu digestibility of group I was higher than groups II and III(P<0.01);the Tyr digestibility of group I was lower than group II(P<0.01);the Pro digestibility of group I was lower than group II(P<0.01)and group III(P<0.05);the serum ALB levels of group IV were lower than other groups(P<0.01);the serum GLB levels of group IV were higher than group I and group III(P<0.01),group II(P<0.05);the serum AST levels of group III and group IV were higher than group I and group II(P<0.01);the serum ALT levels ofgroup III were higher than group I(P<0.05);the serum BUN levels of group II were lower than group I and group IV(P <0.01);In the early winter 15.15%CP,Thr levels 0.47% is more appropriate.In the late winter,the final weight of group I was higher than group IV(P<0.05),group II was higher than group IV(P<0.01),and group I ADG was lower than group II(P<0.01),and higher than group IV(P< 0.01),group III was higher than group IV(P<0.05);the F/G group IV was higher than other groups(P<0.01),group III was higher than group I and group II(P<0.05);group II was higher than group IV(P<0.01),group I(P< 0.05);the EE digestibility of group II was higher than group IV(P<0.01)and group III(P<0.05);the NDF digestibility of group II was significantly higher than that in group IV(P<0.01),group I and group III was higher than in group IV(P<0.05);the ADF digestibility of group I and group II was higher than group IV(P<0.05);The Ca digestibility of group II was lower than other groups(P<0.01);the P digestibility of group IV was lower than other groups(P<0.05);the serum Lys leveld of group IV were higher than other groups(P<0.05);the serum Met levels of group I were lower than group IV(P<0.05);the Thr levels in group I were lower than group III(P<0.05)and group IV(P<0.01);the serum Ser levels of group I and group II were lower than group III and group IV(P<0.01);the serum Glu levels of group I were lower than group IV(P<0.05);the serum Gly levels of group I and group II were lower than group IV(P<0.01),and group I were lower than group IV(P<0.01);the serum Tyr levels of group IV were higher than group II and III(P<0.05);the serum Pro levels of group IV were higher than group III(P<0.05);the serum Ig G levels of group IV were lower than other groups(P<0.05),the serum ALT levels of group IV were higher than group II(P<0.05);the serum ALP levels of group III were higher than group I(P<0.05);the serum BUN levels of group IV were higher than group III(P<0.05);the serum CHO levels of group IV were lower than group I(P<0.05);the serum IGF-1 levels of group II were higher than group I and group IV(P<0.01),group III(P<0.05).In the later winter15.15%CP,Thr levels 0.47% is more appropriate.Reducing diet protein level will reduce the growth performance of infant deer,affect metabolic balance.Adding the suitable level of threonine in a low protein diet can increase the growth performance and nutrient digestibility in infant sika deer,reduce feed to gain ratio and increase feed conversion rate,which can save the cost of feed.Therefore,it is feasible to add threonine to low protein diet in infant sika deer. |
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