Effects Of Transplanting Methods And Period On The Yield And Quality Of Forage And Oilseed Rape

The current development of multi-function of rapeseed production,especially the development of feed function,is one of the important ways to improve the planting efficiency.Ningza 1818,a Brassica napus variety,was used as the material in this experiment.By setting the different transplanting method and choosing different transplanting period,this experiment studied the differences in the growth process,agronomic traits,dry matter accumulation,forage quality and yield composition of the plants at different growth stages.The experiment demonstrated the biomass of the forage grasses,the formation mechanism of grain yield and nutritional quality,and the environmental factors.The results showed that the transplanting technique in the coordinated high yield and quality of the rapeseed and the forage rape.The research provides theoretical basis for suitable light simplified cultivation techniques of feeding and seed rape in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.The main findings are as follows:1.For blanket transplanting rapeseed and rapeseed transplanted on ridge,the transplanting period affected the growth process of rapeseed,and the delay of transplanting period shortens the total fertility days,mainly shortening the number of seedling days.The difference in the number of days of other growth periods will gradually decrease with the birth process.Compared with the transplanting of blanket transplanting rapeseed,the transplanting period under the rapeseed transplanted on ridge was relatively late but entered the budding period earlier,but their date of reaching the key growth period was basically similar.There was no difference in the date of reaching maturity under the different transplanting methods and the transplanting period which both were May 12 before and after two days.2.Proper planting early(before and after October 20th)was beneficial to rape seedling growth,and the average seedling ages of wintering period in these two transplanting method were equivalent.The plant height of rapeseed in each growth stage was mainly regulated by the transplanting period,and the roots and stems of the transplanting carpet seedlings were thicker before and after October 20th.The transplanting period had no effect on the rhizome thickness of the plant during the bolting maturity.Proper planting early can facilitate rape bolting and promote root thickening.Ridge cultivation had more obvious advantages of plant height in rapeseed in seedling stage and final flowering stage.Different transplanting methods have no significant effect on the rhizome thickness at each growth period.Blanket transplanting rapeseed on October 20th promoted the dry matter accumulation from the bud stage to the green horn stage.Rapeseed transplanted on ridge during the period of before and after October 30 ensured the highest dry matter accumulation during the green pod period.Blanket transplanting rapeseed had a larger group amount than that of rapeseed transplanted on ridge,resulting in higher dry matter accumulation per unit area at each growth stage,and higher accumulation of dry matter in individual rapeseed transplanted on ridge plants,which was conducive to the cultivation of strong seedlings.3.Early crop transplanting at suitable period has a high accumulated temperature in seedling stage,long accumulated sunshine hours,rapid leaf age and good photosynthesis during wintering period,which is favorable for accumulation of dry matter.In addition,there is a linear relationship between the biomass and fresh grass yield at the green horn and the effective number of leaves before winter,the rhizome at the green horn,the number of primary branches and the number of secondary branches.4.Blanket transplanting rapeseed obtained the highest crude protein content transplanted at the final flowering stage from October 10 to October 20,which was 15.0%.Respectively,the highest crude protein content of rapeseed transplanted on ridge was 15.5%and 15.7%,transplanted on November 20 in the bud and final flowering period.As a result,the crude protein content of the plants in the green horn of rapeseed transplanted on ridge period was higher,with an increase of 15.7%.At different transplanting stages,from the beginning of the bud stage to the green horn stage,the total phosphorus content of the plant was dropped firstly and then rise,while the total calcium content decreased with the progress of the fertility process.There were less differences in neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fiber and crude fat content under different transplanting periods.Under the transplanting on October 20th,the accumulation of nutrient indexes in green horn stage of blanket transplanting rapeseed was higher than that in the rapeseed transplanted on ridge.But the results were reversed when transplanted on October 30th.5.Under suitable transplanting period,the mature period grain yield of rapeseed transplanted on ridge is larger than that of blanket transplanting rapeseed.During the transplanting period from October 10th to October 30th,the blanket transplanting grain yield increased firstly and then decreased.However,the yield of rapeseed transplanted on ridge from October 20 to November 30 showed a decreasing trend.The highest grain yield for each transplanting methods was 3637.1 kg/ha and 3922.0 kg/ha which was obtained when plants were transplanted on October 20.The main factors that caused the grain yield difference at different transplanting stages were the number of secondary branch and the silique number of the secondary branch.