| Intercourse is the traditional Chinese agriculture in the production mode and land use,has a long history.The intercropping system can make full use of the existing land resources and environmental resources,improve the land production efficiency,improve the efficiency of resource use,and has obvious ecological and economic benefits,which is of great significance to improve the ecological stability of the fields,improve the land production and raise the farmers’ income The In the watermelon production due to single model for a single,pests and diseases and soil environmental degradation is increasing.The physiological characteristics,photosynthetic characteristics,rhizosphere soil enzyme activity and nutrient contents of rhizosphere soil were studied in different intercropping patterns.The results showed that the watermelon was used as a control,And the effect of watermelon intercropping was studied,and the following conclusions were drawn:(1)intercropping significantly promoted the growth of watermelon,increased the length and stem diameter of watermelon,increased the activity of SOD,POD and CAT in the leaves of watermelon,decreased the content of MDA,soluble protein and proline,To a certain extent,improve the resistance of watermelon plants.The effects of intercropping on the antioxidant system and osmotic adjustment of watermelon leaves were peanut>pepper>cowpea>scallion>watermelon.(2)Intercropping treatment significantly improved the photosynthetic pigment content of watermelon leaves,the net photosynthetic rate(Pn),intercellular CO2 concentration,stomatal conductance(Gs)and transpiration rate(Tr)of intercropped watermelon were significantly improved compared with the control(P<0.05),and the photosynthetic pigment content of the watermelon leaves was significantly improved The improvement.(FD),maximum fluorescence yield(Fm),the potential photochemical efficiency(Fv/FO)of PS Ⅱwere significantly higher than that of single plant,and the maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm)was the highest during the whole growth process Has not changed much.Fluorescence quenching parameters showed a significant increase in chemical quenching coefficient(NPQ)and non-photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) and apparent photosynthetic electron transport rate(ETR)and single control ratios.Indicating that intercropping significantly improved the photosynthesis and potential photosynthetic capacity of watermelon.(3)With the prolongation of intercropping time,the activities of soil urease,catalase and acid phosphatase increased,while the activities of sucrase and alkaline phosphatase decreased.Intercropping treatment significantly increased soil urease,catalase and acid phosphatase activity in the rhizosphere soil of watermelon,slowed down the decrease of soil sucrase activity,and had no significant effect on alkaline phosphatase activity in rhizosphere soil.The effects of peanut and peanut treatment on the activities of soil urease were the greatest.Intercropping pepper and peanut treatment had the greatest effect on soil sucrase,catalase and acid phosphatase activity.Indicating that intercropping has a significant effect on improving soil biochemical activity and improving soil quality.(4)intercropping significantly improved soil fertility.With the intercropping time prolonged,the contents of organic matter,available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in the rhizosphere soil of watermelon showed a decreasing trend.Intercropping treatment increased the contents of organic matter,available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in rhizosphere soil,and delayed the decrease of soil organic matter and available nutrient during planting.The intercropping of pea and peanut ’treatments significantly slowed down the rate of soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen reduction.Intercropping peanut and pepper treatments were more effective in improving soil organic matter,available phosphorus and available potassium in rhizosphere of watermelon. |
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