Wheat And Maize Planting And The Analysis Of Their Fertility Adaptability At Lankao County

Henan,ranking the first in wheat planting acreage(1/4 of the whole of China)and the second in grain-sowing acreage,has made great contributions for national food security.LanKao County,growing wheat and corn as the main annual crops,is one of the important bases for the national commodity grain production.Based on adaptability evaluation index of soil texture,soil texture configuration,irrigation possibility,drainage capability,salinization types,top layer salt content,available potassium,effective phosphorus and organic matter,this paper analyzed farmland soil fertility adaptability of wheat and corn in Lankao,respectively.The results are as follows:1.The soil fertility adaptability of wheat The cultivated land for wheat could be divided into wheat highly-suitable region,suitable region,basically-suitable region and the unsuitable region.The wheat highly-suitable region has an area of 24246.57 hm2,accounting for 33.41%of the total arable land.The wheat suitable region has an area of 36983.84 hm2,accounting for 50.97%of the total.The wheat basically-suitable region has an area of 10985.63 hm2,accounting for 15.14%of the total.The wheat unsuitable region has an area of 335.92 hm2,accounting for 0.48%of the total.The soil texture configuration in the wheat highly-suitable region is mainly uniform light loam,sticky bottom light loam,uniform medium loam and sand-body clay,with better physical and chemical properties,higher nutrient content and better basic farmland facilities such as irrigation and drainage conditions.The soil texture type in the wheat suitable region is light clay,medium loam,light loam,with high nutrient content and good basic farmland facilities such as irrigation and drainage conditions.The soil texture type in the wheat basically-suitable region is mainly uniform sandy soil and uniform sandy loam with low soil fertility and less good irrigation and drainage conditions.The soil texture type in the wheat unsuitable region is tight sandy soil and saline and alkaline soils with low soil fertility,leaking water and nutrients and bad irrigation and drainage conditions.2.The soil fertility adaptability of maize The cultivated land for maize could be divided into maize highly-suitable region,suitable region,basically-suitable region and the unsuitable region.The maize highly-suitable region has an area of 18475.58 hm2,accounting for 25.47%of the total arable land.The maize suitable region has an area of 37222.4 hm2,accounting for 51.30%of the total.The maize basically-suitable region has an area of 15427.17 hm2,accounting for 21.26%of the total.The maize unsuitable region has an area of 1426.81 hm2,accounting for 1.97%of the total.The soil texture in the maize highly-suitable region is mainly light clay,medium loam and light loam,with better physical and chemical properties,higher nutrient content and better basic farmland facilities such as irrigation and drainage conditions.The soil texture in the maize suitable region is sandy loam,medium loam,light loam,with high nutrient content and good basic farmland facilities such as irrigation and drainage conditions.The soil texture in the maize basically-suitable region is mainly uniform sandy soil,sandy loam and medium loam with low soil fertility and less good irrigation and drainage conditions.The soil texture type in the maize unsuitable region is uniform sandy soil and sandy loam soils with low soil fertility,leaking water and nutrients and bad irrigation and drainage conditions.