Study On Ecological Characteristics Of Different Forest Types At Silu Forest Park In Hailing Island

Forest park may well protect forest resources and improve ecological environment.If properly developed and constructed,it is also a good place for health care and enjoying primitive and natural scenery.In this paper,the author discusses four different forest structures of Silk Road Forest Park in Hailing Island,evaluates each structure's functional benefit comprehensively and makes scientific evaluation on the ecological characteristics of different structures;the research results can be referred in forestry ecological construction,forest structure reformation,and forest resource protection.The four forest structures are taken as research object and based on to make a comparative analysis of coniferous mixed forest,broad-leaved mixed forest,bamboo forest and fruit tree forest,and make a comparative analysis of forest litter's water-holding characteristic,forest canopy characteristic,soil's physical property,etc.Besides,the principal component analysis?PCA?is adopted to evaluate the characteristics of the four forest structures.The main research results are as follows:?1?Among the four forest structures,litter's accumulation,maximum water-holding rate,maximum water-holding capacity,maximum interception rate,maximum interception capacity,effective interception rate and effective interception capacity are apparently different?P<0.05?.Coniferous mixed forest has the maximum litter accumulation,while fruit tree forest has the minimum litter accumulation.These structures'biggest difference lies in maximum water-holding capacity,which falls into the range from 2.56 t/hm² to 3.71t/hm²,while coniferous mixed forest has the maximum interception capacity,i.e.,2.96t/hm^2.?2?Canopy characteristics of different forest structures are analyzed.According to the research results,different forest structures are apparently different in four indices?canopy openness,understory direct light transmittance,underforestry scattering transmittance and understory total illumination?,but there is not any apparent difference in leaf area index.In a word,this research shows that coniferous mixed forest has rich species,complicated structure and high density;as a result,this structure has high leaf area index,good canopy structure and well-established landscape stratification;people here would have stronger feel of staying in the nature;however,some vertical structures of broad-leaved mixed forest are relatively simple and with small leaf area index.?3?Among different forest structures,There are significant differences in soil volume weight,water-holding capacity of soil capillary,water-holding rate of soil capillary,total porosity of soil and soil aeration porosity,but their porosity indices of soil capillary are not different.Coniferous mixed forest is significantly different from broad-leaved mixed forest and fruit tree forest,other than from bamboo forest.?4?The results show that the forest structure with the best ecological characteristics is coniferous mixed forest,followed by bamboo forest and fruit tree forest,and then broadleaved mixed forest.It can be told from the research results that the results of comprehensive evaluation are somewhat different from the research results of each index,but consistent generally;they are able to reflect the actual situation of the forest in a truthful way.Therefore,it's reasonable and practicable to apply this research method to the comprehensive evaluation of different forest structures.