Study On Nuclear Waste Safety Management And Disposal Scheme Evaluation Of China's Nuclear Power Enterprises

Due to its high efficiency and environmental protection,nuclear power is gradually becoming an important part of the power supply structure of various countries in the world.After decades of rapid development,China's nuclear power industry has become a"national business card" together with the high-speed railway and its proportion in China's energy structure has gradually increased.With the liberalization of policies,the negative impact brought by the Fukushima nuclear accident on China's nuclear power industry is gradually declining,and China's nuclear power utilization is in a new round of rapid development.At the same time,the society is paying more attention to the safety of the nuclear power industry.How to effectively manage nuclear waste is an important issue facing all major nuclear power enterprises and governments in China as nuclear energy utilization is more and more widespread and the number of nuclear power plants is facing a severe challenge.Nuclear waste treatment is a long-term and complex engineering system with huge potential risks,even more than the production and operation of nuclear power plants.Nuclear waste is defined as radioactive waste produced at the completion of nuclear fuel production and nuclear reactors.Unlike other industrial wastes,nuclear wastes have more risks because of higher radioactivity.Nuclear waste extremely hazardous period,in theory,can be recycled through post-processing,but the technology is not popularized.Among them,the low-level waste nuclear waste due to the half-cycle is shorter,easier to deal with.However,the long half-life of HLW is long-lasting and harder to deal with.The international community has always made safe disposal of nuclear waste an important factor in the development of the nuclear energy industry.As the end of the nuclear cycle,the safe disposal and disposal of nuclear waste is closely linked to the safety of the entire industry.The disposal of nuclear waste is a large and complex systematic project involving many disciplines.Right now,countries in the world use a broader approach for the deep geological storage method,that is,the waste is cured by technical means,and then transported to the repository,buried in stable geological formations such as rock formations.This disposal method requires that the geological structure of the site be treated to be stable,and radioactive material will not be leaked even if geological disasters such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur.In addition,radioactive materials will not easily penetrate the rock layers and affect water resources.This paper introduces the basic situation of nuclear waste treatment from the technical point of view and the mainstream of the world's nuclear waste treatment means,combined with the background of the development of nuclear power industry in China,illustrating the status quo and the nuclear waste disposal problems and difficulties faced by laws and regulations,describing a comprehensive view of China's nuclear waste safety management status quo,in the term of laws,supervisory bureau,and business management system,In this paper,the process of ex-factory deep spent geological storage of fuel is classified into 18 kinds of programs.AHP(Analytical Hierarchy Process)is used to determine the weight of the evaluation indexes under different principles of the six disposal principles.Combined with the PROMETHEE multi-objective decision analysis method,this paper provided the basis for the decision-making of disposal schemes involved in the nuclear waste treatment of nuclear power enterprises in China.Finally,a series of suggestions and countermeasures were put forward to the management of nuclear waste in China from the perspective of the government and enterprises.