Study On Village Layout In Alpine Pastoral Area

With the rapid development of urbanization and the transformation of social economy,the rural areas are facing a series of problems such as population loss,economic decline and hollowness.Therefore,how to adjust and optimize the layout of rural settlements is a major issue facing China.Due to the influence of the special natural geography environment,climate conditions,production lifestyle,national customs and religious habits,there are general problems such as scattered layout,small population size,large area,poor infrastructure and public service supply for a long time in Alpine pastoral areas.How to effectively promote the concentration of population in the rural and pastoral areas,reduce the number of settlements,optimize the living environment,and support the infrastructure and public service facilities from the perspective of ecology-production-life-living,which is the focus of village distribution in Alpine pastoral.On the basis of the domestic and foreign related research results,taking Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Xiahe County as a study case,according to the theory of settlement geography,living environment science and rural sociology,through the combination of qualitative analysis method and quantitative analysis method,the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of the village(farming)village distribution in Xiahe County are systematically analyzed,and the principle and scheme of optimizing the spatial distribution of villages is put forward.The main research contents and conclusions of the paper include:(1)Using the analysis method of spatial statistics and spatial autocorrelation,the overall characteristics,discrete features and shape features of the village(farming)village distribution in Xiahe County are systematically analyzed,the influence factors are explored,and spatial characteristics and the problems such as small village scale,scattered layout and weak space contact are revealed.(2)Village distribution is a result of a combination of natural and economic society.Thus,number,distribution pattern and size of village are profoundly affected by altitude,gradient,slope direction,river,traffic condition.By the comprehensive application of GIS technology,the profound influence of elevation,river,road and cultivated land on village distribution is systematically analyzed.(3)The process of village distribution is to integrate the extremely scattered,small size of the settlements,or move the villages which have very harsh natural conditions and are seriously affected by geological disasters.This paper analyzes the coercive conditions of the withdrawal of villages from the perspective of natural heritage(nature reserve or ecological sensitive area),cultural heritage(cultural relics protection,traditional village)and geological disaster level.This paper analyzes the attractive conditions of the withdrawal of villages from the perspective of village development potential and urban attractiveness.And the policy factors of the withdrawal of the village are analyzed from the perspective of nomadic settlement.The program of village withdrawal,village retention and village development is proposed.(4)The purpose of village distribution is to collectively consider the principle of production-life-ecology-living,industry,infrastructure and public service facility configuration is optimization according to the principle of layout rationalization,production industry,facilities supporting,environmental ecology,landscape characteristic.