| In this study,52 road dust samples were collected on the arterial roads and sub-arterial roads at Nanjing Chemical Industry Park during the sampling period of autumn and winter.Using resuspension system in the laboratory to simulate the naturally suspended road dust in the environment and collect PM2.5.The six phthalic acid esters?PAEs?,sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons?PAHs?and eighteen n-alkane in PM2.5were measured by GC-MS.The chemical composition and temporal and spatial variation of PAEs,PAHs and n-alkanes were analyzed.Using PCA,characteristic ratio,carbon preference index,peak carbon number and plant wax index to confirm the potential sources of PAEs,PAHs and n-alkanes.The health risks of industrial residents exposed to PAEs and PAHs were assessed through Increase Long-life Cancer Risk?ILCR?.The results shown that:?1?The concentrations of PAEs in PM2.5 of road dust at Nanjing Chemical Industry Park was 106.47±67.54?g?g-1 in autumn and 51.19±30.88?g?g-1 in winter,respectively.The physicochemical propertyies of PAEs and meteorological conditions lead to the concentrations of PAEs in PM2.5 of road dust significantly higher in autumn.During sampling period,the PAEs content in PM2.5 of road dust of sub-arterial road was higher than that of arteial road.These maybe related to the physicochemical properties,degradation,the location of sampling sites,road characteristics and the sources of PAEs.The PCA results shown that PAEs in road dust contaminants are mainly derived from plasticizers and human daily life at Nanjing Chemical Industry Park.?2?The range of PAHs concentrations in PM2.5 of road dust was 15.86?70.38?g?g-1 in autumn and 17.97?75.18?g?g-1 in winter,respectively.It was related to the physicochemical propertyies of PAHs,meteorological conditions and human activities.According to the PAHs profil,the 4-ring PAHs was dominant and the 4-ring and 6-ring PAHs shown significant differences during the sampling period.In autumn,the main source of PAHs come from petrochemical industry,while the source of PAHs was mainly derived from traffic emissions in winter.The PCA and characteristic ratio shown that fossil fuel combustion,traffic emissions and oil emissions may be the main sources of PAHs in road dust at Nanjing Chemical Industry Park.?3?The average concentrations and variation range of n-alkane in PM2.5 of road dust were145.26?g?g-1,42.02?680.82?g?g-1 in autumn and 189.45?g?g-1,45.70?513.75?g?g-1 in winter respectively.These were related to emission sources and meteorological factors in different seasons.The peak carbon number,carbon preference index and plant wax index indicated that the mains ource of n-alkanes in road dust is anthropogenic and natural sources in autumn,while the main source of n-alkanes in road dust is natural sources in winter.?4?The non-carcinogenic total risk?HI?of PAEs for children and adults were below the safety threshold of 1.0.The cancer risk of human exposured to DEHP at chemical park were9.16×10-7,1.15×10-6,4.26×10-7 and 5.78×10-7?arterial road in autumn,sub-arterial road in autumn,arterial road in winter and sub-arterial road in winter?.The total cancer risk for children(4.69×10-5,3.47×10-5,5.78×10-5 and 6.01×10-5,ibid ibidem)and adults(4.53×10-5,3.35×10-5,5.58×10-5,and 5.80×10-5,ibid ibidem)were both exceed the acceptable carcinogenic range(1×10-6)at Nanjing Chemical Industry Park.In general,the petrochemical industry had high cancer risk,so it is critical for human health to develop pollution control strategies to reduce pollution levels at petrochemical industry. |
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