Ecological Geological Environment Monitoring And Analysis Of Coal Mining Disturbance Effect In Coal Mining Subsidence Area With High Diving Level

The Huainan mining area is an important coal production area in the eastern part of China.The long mining history and huge coal mining volume have led to prominent ecological and geological environmental problems in the mining area.The main manifestations are the widespread surface subsidence in the mining area.Vegetation,water resources,and land resources are seriously damaged.Based on RS and GIS technology,this paper selected Guqiao and Gubei mines in Huainan mining area as research areas.This thesis collaborates with multi-source remote sensing data(Landsat series data,Pleiades data,Zhuhai No.1 hyperspectral data,and Google Earth historical synthetic data)for the detection of main ecological and geological environmental elements such as the land use / coverage in 2013,2016,and 2018,water quality of the water accumulation subsidence area land resources and vegetation in the study area.Based on the information extraction results,the disturbing effect of coal mining activities on the above eco-geological and environmental elements was analyzed.The following research results were obtained.(1)Affected by the disturbance of coal mining,the land resources in the mining area were seriously damaged and faced with great pressure.During the five years from 2013 to 2018,the area of water subsidence area had grown rapidly,from scattered distribution to centralized distribution.The total length of ground fracture was increasing,which is mainly distributed around the mining face.The accumulation of solid waste led to the increasing degree of land occupation,the number of which was increasing year by year,and the distribution was dense year by year.On the whole,the water and soil loss in the mining area was lighter,but the area around the mine was heavier than other areas.(2)The eutrophication degree of Guqiao subsidence area was relatively serious,most of which were at or above moderate eutrophication level.The spatial distribution of suspended matter,total phosphorus and total nitrogen concentration was uneven,and the distribution of chlorophyll a concentration was relatively uniform.The spatial distribution of suspended solids,total phosphorus and total nitrogen concentration was similar,the concentration was higher in the near-shore area in the east of the waters,the southwest area,and relatively lower in other areas.(3)From 2013 to 2018,medium and high vegetation coverage showed a downward trend,and most of them changed to medium and low vegetation coverage,and the distribution gradually changed from scattered to concentrated.The low and medium vegetation coverage showed an upward trend,but the increase rate of low vegetation coverage was much greater than that of medium vegetation coverage.Coal mining activities were the main reason leading to changes in vegetation coverage in the study area.(4)By analyzing the characteristics of the conditional vegetation temperature index changing with the distance from the boundary of the water accumulation subsidence area.An index estimation model of the ecological impact range of the Guqiao subsidence area based on the area of the subsidence area was established,which provided a new method for delineating the ecological environment impact range of the sedimentation subsidence area.