Study On Compensation For Ecological Servicesin Water Conservation Area

With the progress of reform and opening-up and the development of economy,the contradictions and conflicts between ecological environment and economic construction are becoming increasingly acute,and the problems of ecological environment are becoming more and more serious.The research and promotion of environmental protection measures such as payment for ecological services are gradually paid attention to.This paper bases on the basic concepts related to payment for ecological services and the data collected from the relevant agencies and units,explains the basic situation,location background,ecological protection and social and economic development status of water conservation areas in the southern mountainous region of Ji'nan,analyses and explains the land property rights in the study area,and clarifies the basic focus of payment for ecological services in water conservation areas.Through the combination of opportunity cost method and ecosystem service value method to solve the problem of "how much to compensate".Utilizing superior natural resources and developing regional tourism industry as the main way of payment for ecological services,calculating the natural ecological capacity such as water ecological environment capacity,atmospheric environment capacity and regional tourism spatial capacity,which are mainly limited by the natural resources conditions of the ecological protection zone itself,calculates the upper limit of the ecological environment capacity of the southern mountain region of Ji'nan,and subsequently calculates the ecological tourism in the southern mountain region of Ji'nan and solve the problem “ how to make up for it”.The results show that:(1).Based on the actual situation,this paper estimates the loss of per capita added value of secondary industry and calculates the opportunity cost of secondary industry in Southern Mountain Water Conservation Area,which is 4.28 × 10 thousand yuan by comparing the increment of per capita added value of secondary industry before and after the establishment of special institutions to implement the ecological protection policy in Southern Mountain Water Conservation Area.According to the current situation of economic forests in the region,the opportunity cost of occupying collective protective forest land of village communities was calculated as 1.437 × 10 thousand yuan-2.472 × 10 thousand yuan.Based on the food production of farmland,this paper calculates the value of forest ecosystem,farmland ecosystem and water conservation,water and soil conservation ecosystem services totaling 2.18 × 10 thousand yuan.Both of opportunity cost and ecosystem services value are 3.18 × 10 thousand yuan-6.08 × 10 thousand yuan.(2).The water ecological environment capacity of the southern mountainous region of Ji'nan is dynamically changing,with a maximum of 9.35 × 10 person-times per day in the wet season,similar to that in the dry season and the moderate season,with 7.84 × 10 person-times per day and 7.52 × 10 person-times per day,respectively.The spatial capacity of southern mountainous region is a range value which changes according to the water area and tourist area.In dry season,wet season and moderate season,it is 11.72-23.26 × 10 person-times per day,11.72-34.91 × 10 person-times per day,11.72-24.85 × 10 person-times per day,respectively.Forest area does not change with water area and water volume,so the atmospheric environmental capacity of southern mountainous areas is a fixed value,59.93 × 10 persontimes per day,2.19 × 10 person-times per year.Finally,summarizing the conclusion of payment for ecological services,and some suggestions are made according to the actual situation of the southern mountain region of Ji'nan.