Effect Of Canopy Thickness On Berry And Wine Quality Of Cabernet Sauvignon And Merlot In Jinzhong Region

At present,the human efficiency and labor quality in China can't meet the needs of high-speed expansion of grape growing.It's urgent to adopt mechanized management to reduce production costs and improve the working quality,but there is still no corresponding suitable mechanized trimming technology.In this experiment,taking Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot as materials,the effects of different thicknesses disposed by combining mechanism and manpower on the microclimate,photosynthesis and berries quality and wine quality were studied,so as to find the best trimming system.The main results are as follows:(1)The effect of canopy thickness(with axillary shoot)on temperature,humidity and photosynthesis was not significant,but light intensity of fruit zone decreased significantly with the increase of thickness,and berry incidence increased.For Cabernet Sauvignon berry,the content of total phenol and anthocyanin was no significant difference.With canopy thickness increasing,the tannin content increased from 14.02 to 19.5 mg/g.Compared to 100 cm treatment,70 cm treatment improved the total mono-anthocyanin and mono-phenol content by 28.85% and 52.43%,and the aroma content was reduced by 19.8%.For Merlot berry,the total phenol and tannin content were significantly decreased by 23.97% and 45.83%,the total anthocyanin content was increased by 24.12%,the total mono-anthocyanin was increased by 76.91% and there was no obvious difference of phenol and aroma content.(2)Increase of canopy thickness(with axillary)significantly reduced the total phenol,tannin,total anthocyanin content in wine,and the change of monomer anthocyanin,monomer phenol and aroma substances were different between two wines.For Cabernet Sauvignon wine,the total phenol,anthocyanin and tannin content under 70 cm treatment were improved by 83.11%,21.9% and 85.94% respectively,when compared to 100 cm treatment,and the total mono-anthocyanin,mono-phenol and aroma content were no significant difference.For Merlot wine,the total phenol,tannin content increased 37.58% and 63.91% respectively,and the total mono-anthocyanin content increased 38.25%,total aroma content increased 35.7%when compared 70 cm treatment with 100 cm treatment,and there was no significant difference of total anthocyanin and total mono-phenol content.(3)Removing axillary shoot had little effect on microclimate,but significantly enhanced the light intensity of fruit zone.For Cabernet Sauvignon berry,compared to treatment 70 cm,removing axillary shoot significantly increased the total phenol,anthocyanin,tannin,and monomer anthocyanin content,but decreased the total monomer phenol and aroma content.For Merlot berry without axillary shoot,the total phenol and tannin content were significantly increased,but the total anthocyanin,mono-anthocyanin and aroma content were significantly decreased.(4)Removing axillary shoot significantly increased total phenol content by 53.28%,the total mono-anthocyanin content increased 20.23%,the total phenol content decreased 22.34%,and the total anthocyanin and tannin content decreased in Cabernet Sauvignon wine when compared to that with 70 cm treatment.The total phenol and anthocyanin content increased11.67% and 15.12% respectively;the tannin,total mono-anthocyanin,mono-phenol,and aroma content were no significant difference in Merlo wine.(5)Generally,removing axillary and 70 cm treatment can improve the quality of grape and wine.Considering the cost of manpower,it is suggested that the thickness of canopy in the area should be 70 cm,and the material that makes high quality wine can be disposed by combining manpower and mechanical trimming.