| Honghu,located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in Jianghan Lake Group,is the seventh largest freshwater lake of China.It bears several serious responsibilities of the Jianghan Plain Area in the middle reaches of Yangtze River,such as water supply,flood drainage,pollution purification,agricultural and fishery production;it is the carrier of shipping and tourism at the same time.Based on the in-depth study of variation of Honghu water quality iii time and space pattern status,a comprehensive evaluation of Honghu water environment quality is given in the present study,which has an important significance on the sustainable development and utilization of water resources in Honghu.Besides,the findings could also provide reference for future research on the lake water pollution mechanism,provide theoretical basis and technology support for the advancement of social,economic development.The data source in this paper is consisted of the monitoring data from 2001-2011 on conventional water quality obtained by 8 monitor stations run by the Honghu Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau and our field investigation and sampling in 139 monitor stations in Honghu during 2012,August.In the study,we adopted an integrated method of one key factor analysis method,comprehensive evaluation method and the spatial interpolation method analysis to discuss the spatial variation of Honghu Lake water quality and its key affecting fator.By comprehensively and systematically analyze the interannual and innerannual changes of main water quality parameters and its spatial distribution pattern,we are trying to find out the source of lake pollution and put forward some solutions.Results and conclusion are as follows1?Chronically,the inter annual analysis shows:from 2001 to 2011,the overall rate of Honghu water quality ranges from 2.97 to 9.02,and only in 2001 it reached the standard II water quality.The fluctuation could be divided into four phases:Phase I 2001-2004,water quality declined rapidly;Phase II 2004-2006,trends of improvement showed;Phase III 2006-2009,water quality declined again;Phase IV 2009-2011,slight improvement showed.Among which,the year 2009 witnessed the worst water quality.The inner annual research shows:the concentration of total phosphorus,ammonia nitrogen,permanganate meets the water quality Standard II,while the average concentration of total nitrogen surpasses Standard II enormously.In order to better compare the pollution degree of different pollutants in different hydrological periods,the present paper adopts comprehensive analysis method to compare the data from three hydrological periods,and our findings show that high-water period witnessed the worst pollution,normal-water period the second,and low-flow periodthe least.2?Spatially,most of the water in Honghu Lake has researched the Standard ?,regulated by the People's Government of Hubei Province,while part of the northern and western water failed to meet the standard mentioned above and only meets Standard ?.Moreover,the northwest water and water near the Huangdi Watergate can only be rated as V water.Generally,the water quality improves gradually along the direction of infall-culture zone-core area-outlet.In 2012,the Honghu water quality is in a better state,but still it has some distance from the Standard II,required by the Water Function Zoning of National Key Rivers and Lakes.3?Suggestions:Firstly,many years of inning and enclosure culture has brought about the shrinking of water area,the deterioration of eco-system,and the aggregation of flood threat,which makes the reconverting farmland to lakes the most urgent and the ban on filling up of lakes necessary.The protection of Honghu should be given priority,and then comes proper development.To ensure that the water quality of lake waters gradually improves,strict control on aquiculture in semi-close water body,especially on their area and pattern,should be imposed.Secondly,vigorously the recycling economy and clean production should be vigorously promoted and the multi-purpose utilization of resources should be strengthened,in order to realize the transition to green eco-industry in every aspect.The establishment of eco-construction and industry is the effective method to prevent three-waste from factories,and also the most possible way to reduce pollution to the most and to preserve Honghu water.Lastly,the reinforcement and implementation of the above measures can never be done without a sound and comprehensive administration.Accordingly,the departments and entities concerned should implement the law and regulations strictly,live up to the slogan "there shall be laws to abide by,those who violate the law must be dealt with" to ensure the development and protection of Honghu wetland on legal track. |
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