Research On The Composition And Distribution Of Characteristic Nutritional Components In Edible Vegetable Oils

Hunger breeds discontentment.Edible oils play an important role in people's daily diet.It provides us with the required energy for vital activities and essential fatty acids,as well as varieties of micronutrients such as phytosterols,vitamin E,squalene and so on.Along with the improvement of people's life and the enhancement of nutrition and health awareness in the new era,people's demand for edible vegetable oils is to higher nutritious.However,consumers are less aware of the characteristic nutritional components of edible vegetable oil,which limits the development of edible vegetable oils by the oil industry.Therefore,it is of great significance to identify the characteristic nutritional quality of edible vegetable oil and evaluate of its impact on health to meet consumer demand and promote the development of the oil industry.In this paper,we determined the phytosterols in edible vegetable oils by using pre-column derivatization gas chromatography mass spectrometry to clarify their composition and existing forms in major vegetable oils,and then further evaluate the contribution of vegetable oils,especially rapeseed oil to dietary sterols,carried out the analysis of the advantage producing areas of high-sterol rapeseed to provide possibilities for the production of higher sterol vegetable oils.At the same time,we analyzed the superior components of several kinds of special edible oil,in order to provide new quality indicators and scientific basis for the evaluation of edible vegetable oil.The main contents in this research are as follows:1.The phytosterols were measured by pre-column derivatization gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine their composition and existence form in main edible vegetable oils.The results showed that the contents of phytosterols in rice oil,corn oil and rapaseed oil were higher,and camellia oil was lowest.The common kinds of phytosterols were ?-sitosterol,campersterol,stigmasterol and ?5-avenasterol.The forms of sterols in various vegetable oils were different.The sterols in soybean oil were in form of free sterols,while the sterols in rapeseed oil,sesame oil,peanut oil,olive oil and camellia oil were in form of esterified sterols.Among these oils,the content of esterified sterols of rapeseed oil was the highest,accounting for 80.27% of the total sterol content.2.By assessing the contribution of vegetable oils to dietary sterols intake,the predominance production area of rapeseed with high sterol content was preliminary determined.According to the consumption of edible vegetable oils by Chinese residents and the average sterols content of vegetable oils,the average value of sterols in edible oils consumed by Chinese residents was calculated to be 481.05 mg/100 g.Vegetable oils(45.98%)were the main source of dietary sterols,and the contribution of rapeseed oil to the dietary sterols was the most prominent,accounting for 21.54%.The different dietary intake caused that the intake of dietary sterol of the north was much higher than that of the south.The main source of dietary sterol in the south was vegetable oil(50.97%),therefore,vegetable oil,especially rapeseed oil,played an important role in the southern residents' diet.Further investigation of the national representative of rapeseed sterol content suggested that there was a significant difference in sterol content of rapeseed plants in different regions.The sterol contents of rapeseed collected from Yancheng,Jiangsu Province was the highest,reaching 3.460 g/kg.Secondly,there is a higher sterol content in xinyang,zhongxiang and huzhou and above 3.00 g/kg.The predominance production area of rapeseed with high content of sterols was preliminarily determined,which establish the foundation for the production of rapeseed oil with high content of sterols.3.The nutritional components of special edible oils were analyzed and evaluated.The content and composition of fatty acids,sterols,vitamin E of the varieties vegetable oils were determined and the results showed that the nutritions of the special edible oils had their own characteristics.For example,camellia oil and almond oil were rich in oleic acid,safflower seed oil,grape seed oil and walnut oil were rich in linoleic acid,perilla seed oil and sacha inchi oil were rich in linolenic acid and gamma-tocopherol,carrot seed oil and siritch oil were rich in phytosterols.These excellent nutrients give them good health effects,such as lowering blood pressure,lowering blood lipids,preventing cardiovascular disease,antioxidation,improving immunity and anti-tumor.Therefore,as a supplement and extension of the common vegetable oil,the small variety of vegetable oil can meet the consumer's pursuit of delicious,nutritious and healthy,it is in line with the trend of the development of the times.