| Various engineering measures adopted in the course of human production and life often cause a large number of wounded surfaces in the natural environment.Such wounded surfaces are engineering wounds.And it often destroys the original plant communities and completely destroy or seriously degrade the original natural soil.How to scientifically repair the ecological environment of the project wound,and make it can take into account the maintenance of the safe operation of related engineering facilities,coordinate with the local ecological environment,and have certain landscape functions and aesthetic values.Now it has become one of the intersections and research hotspots in related disciplines such as engineering,ecology,and physical geography.In this study,the vegetation communities and soil nutrients of 16 sites were compared and analyzed,which were short-term(1a,3a),medium-term(15-20a),long-term(40a),the altitudes of 1600 m,1900m,2200 m,2500m,and the three different gradients of 30 °,45 ° and 60 °.Some data and theoretical support are provided for the ecological restoration of regional project wounds.The main findings are as follows:(1)The family,genus and species of herbaceous plants have no obvious changes with the increase of recovery years.Coverage increases with the recovery period,and then decreases slightly.Except for the Partick index,each community diversity index increased first and then decreased.All other indicators showed a decrease with the increase of recovery years.There are no shrubs in the plot at the initial stage,and the number and coverage of shrubs increased from the middle to the long term.The Partick index of shrubs in the mid-to-long recovery period is relatively close,the Margalef index has decreased slightly,and the remaining indexes are increasing.(2)The family,genus and species of herbaceous plants show a trend of decreasing and then increasing with the altitude increasing.Coverage shows a trend that gradually decreases with the altitude increasing.Except for the Margalef index,which has no obvious relationship with altitude changing,all other biodiversity indicators decrease and then increase as altitude increasing.The family,genus,species and various biodiversity indicators of shrubs have no obvious relationship with the altitude gradient.And coverage has a tendency to gradually increase with altitude.(3)The number of herbaceous plants in the slow slopes is small,and the number of herbaceous plants in the medium and steep projects wound is relatively large.As the slope increases,the coverage gradually decreases,and the biodiversity indicators increase accordingly.The number and types of shrubs at different slopes have changed little,and the coverage decreases with increasing slope.However,there is no obvious regularity of biodiversity indicators.(4)On the west slope of Erlang Mountain,the soil nutrients of the wound surface plots in different restoration years showed an overall increase with the restoration years.Among them,the soil total potassium and available potassium concentration of the plots with different restoration years were not significantly different.The differences of other soil indicators reached significant levels,and there was no obvious rule of soil p H and total potassium concentration in the plot,and the water concentration recovery is relatively close in the medium and long term,and both of them are greater than the initial recovery period.The concentration of SOM,TN,TP,AN,AP,and AK all increased with the restoration period.(5)The soil nutrients of the sample plots on the western slope of the Erlang Mountain elevation project showed an overall increase with altitude.However,the differences in SOM,TN,AN,and AP at different altitudes were not significant,and other soil indexes reached significant levels.The concentration of the p H,TN,TP,TK,AN,AP,and altitude have no obvious change in plot soil.The concentration of the SWC,SOM and AK increased with the restoration period.(6)On the west slope of Erlang Mountain,the soil nutrients of the projected wound on different slopes as a whole showed smaller with increasing slope.The impact of slope on SOM and TN content is not significant,and the impact on other soil indicators reaches a significant level.There is no obvious change of the p H and TP content in the sample plot.The SWC,SOM,TN,and the concentration of available nutrients decreased with increasing slope,while TK content of soil increased with increasing slope. |
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