Study On The Impacts Of Urban Development Pattern On Bird Biodiversity

(1)A total of 104 bird species were investigated,belonging to 11orders,37 families,among which 55 species were passerine?52.88%?and49 species were non-passerine?47.22%?.In the avian community,the most important birds were 8 species?IV?25?,more important birds were7 species?15?IV<25?,the general birds were 28 species?5?IV<15?,and the less important birds were 61 species?IV<5?;?2?By comparison of urban avian community diversity Index?Shannon-Wiener Index,H'?,the results showed:The order of habitat diversity index of urban environment type is from high to low:Deciduous broad-leaved forest>Pits/Reservoir>Evergreen broad-leaved forest>Evergreen broad-leaved shrub>sparse forest>River>Deciduous broad-leaved shrub>Dry land-vegetable field>Evergreen coniferous forest>Artificial meadow>Sparse thickets>Paddy field>Grass>Bottomland>Deciduous coniferous forest>Residence>channel/canal>lake>Sparse grass>Shrubs garden>Dry land>industrial land>Bare soil>Land for traffic>Vegetation swamp>Forest swamp>Evergreen coniferous thickets>The shrub swamp>Trees teh,Tree garden and Stope;The order of Case?.Pits/Reservoir-wire>Land for traffic-wire>Dry land-wire>residence-wire>Paddy field-wire>Evergreenbroad-leavedforest-wire>Deciduous broad-leaved forest-wire>River-wire>Bareland-wire?Stope-wire?Canal/Channel-wire?Deciduous broad-leaved Shrub-wire?Grass-wire.Evenness?Pielou evenness Index?in in environmental habitats and diversity Index?Shannon-Wiener Index,H^'?have a similar change trend?R=0.991,P<0.05^*?,and a contrary trend existed between Dominance?Simpson Index?change trend and diversity?Shannon-Wiener Index,H'?have?R=-0.947,P<0.05^*?.diversity?evenness and dominance n environmental habitats showed a similar relationship.The urban bird communities diversity level of jiangyan area?H'=2.243±0.393,J=0.751±0.070,C=0.1754±0.074?were slightly higher than the overall level,while the urban bird communities diversity level of wujin was slightlylowerthantheoveralllevel?H'=2.200±0.524,J=0.779±0.084,C=0.1831±0.0948?.And the difference of bird resources in jiangyan area was lower than that in Wujin area.?3?From the perspective of urban development intensity,the urbanization level?proportion of living area and green space coverage rate?has no significant impact on the diversity of urban birds.The influences of urban development pattern on bird diversity were as follows:There was a significant nonlinear relationship with Quadratic model between the ratio of water area and forest area and the diversity index of urban ardeidae birds;A significant non-linear relationship with Cubic model between the proportion of woodland area and the diversity index of urban marabiniformes ardeidae birds existed;The proportion of water area had a significant non-linear relationship with the index of anseriformes birds and pitiformes birds,which was described by Cubic model;A significant linear relationship lied between the diversity index of urban passerine birds and land use type.The diversity index of passerine birds=-8.284+9.163×proportion of building area+9.780×proportion of cultivated land+10.751×proportion of water area+9.638×proportion of woodland area.?4?By analysis of bird community structure and their seasonal variation with different urbanization levels,the study results showed:there was significantly negative correlation between Urban species diversity index level and the degree of urbanization area habitat,and urban species diversity index level decreased with the enhancement of urbanization level;seasonal differences of urban avian community diversity index level in different areas under the urbanization level exists:bird community significant seasonal differences happened in mountain areas,the urban forest park district,urban wetland park district(P<0.05^**),and the trend was contrary in rural residential areas and street areas?P>0.05^*?.