| Walnut is the main economic tree species in China and the first characteristic economic fruit in Yunnan.At present,Kunming is developing walnut industry and enlarging its planting area.Therefore,the climate factor analysis and suitability regionalization of walnut planting in Kunming City can objectively reflect the effects of climate factors on the growth,distribution and yield of walnut,so as to fully develop and utilize the local climate resources.It is of great practical significance to promote the healthy and sustainable development of walnut industry.It is well known that the growth of walnut is affected by various climatic factors,such as temperature,moisture and light.Based on the meteorological observation data of nearly 30 years(1986-2015)and the walnut yield data of six years(1999,2005,2008,2009 and 2011),the meteorological statistical analysis method and GIS software are used in this paper.The climatic factors affecting the growth and yield of walnut in Kunming City were analyzed.The climatic resources superiority of walnut planting in Kunming City was excavated,and the climatic suitability regionalization of walnut planting was carried out.The main findings are as follows:1.Meteorological factors not only affect the growth and distribution of walnut,but also closely relate to the output of walnut.The significant meteorological factors and growth period of Kunming walnut are as follows: The precipitation of walnut fruit during the growth period from May to September,the late frost situation during the flowering period from late February to early April,the rainy season of walnut pollination from March to early April,drought of walnut during dormancy period in winter and spring.2.The research results show that the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of the main climatic factors in the past 30 years Kunming City are as follows: the local temperature shows a fluctuating upward trend,,in terms of spatial distribution,there are high value areas and sub high value areas in the northeast,west and southeast while low-value and sub-low-value areas in the northwest,central and southwest.The spatial distribution characteristics of precipitation are more in the north but less in the south,and there is no obvious interannual variation rule.The six main climatic factors affecting walnut planting are: average temperature in January,average temperature in July,average annual temperature,extreme maximum temperature,accumulated activetemperature ?10? and annual rainfall.In general,Kunming's climate change is conducive to the development of walnut industry.3.The result of planting regionalization of walnut in Kunming City shows that the most suitable area for walnut planting occupies two-fifths of the area in Kunming,including in most of Southwest and small pockets of the Northwest.The suitable planting area occupies one-fifth of the area in Kunming,and is mainly inlaid on the edge of the most suitable area.The more suitable planting area is distributed in the north and southeast of Kunming.The cultivable area is situated on the three counties in the northern part of Kunming,namely the northern part of Luquan,the northern part of Xundian,the northern part of Dongchuan and the South.It is not suitable for the walnut planting area in parts of the northern townships such as Luquan Jiaopingdu,Malutang and Wudongde Town,parts of the northwestern townships such as Xundian Lianhe,and Tongdu,Wulong,Awang,Hongtudi in the south-central part of Dongchuan.4.In order to fully develop and utilize the climatic resources of Kunming City and guarantee the quality and yield of local walnut from the point of view of climate,this paper also studied the safeguard measures of walnut to deal with late frost,waterlogging and drought.According to the results of suitability zoning,the optimum layout of walnut intercropping with other crops,multiple high-quality varieties planting in succession and scattered planting depending on terrain was suggested,which would be the escort for the development of the walnut industry. |
PDF Full Text Request