Metabolomics Comparison Of Phlegm-dampness, Qi-deficient Constitution And Peace Based On Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Technology

Objectives:To summarize the modern research results of phlegm constitution and Qi deficiency constitution in constitution theory,explore the characteristics of metabonomics in the sub healthy crowd of phlegm dampness constitution,reveal the difference of metabolic level between the subjects with constitution of yin-yang harmony and Qi deficiency,screen the biomarkers of phlegm constitution and Qi deficiency constitution at the same time,explore the biological basis of physical classification from the perspective of metabonomics.Methods:Theoretical study on Phlegm Dampness and Qi deficiency constitution was conducted by traditional Chinese medicine literature combined with modern experimental research reports.In order to find biomarkers,the metabonomic characteristics of blood and urine in phlegm dampness constitution,Qi deficiency constitution and constitution of yin-yang harmony were compared and analyzed by the technique of 1H-NMR and the superconducting NMR spectrometer of Varine 600MHz(Varian,Inc).Results:NMR(nuclear magnetic resonance)spectrum analysis was used in this research to measure the metabolites of blood and urine in phlegm dampness constitution,Qi deficiency constitution and constitution of yin-yang harmony.Each group contains 30 samples.The metabolic profiles of the samples were analyzed by multivariate statistic analysis to screen out the potential biomarkers and compare the differences of three kinds of constitution in metabolism level and explore the formation mechanism and material basis of the three constitutions.Through screening and comparison,we found that blood biomarkers in phlegm dampness constitution included isoleucine,leucine,valine,threonine,histidine,glucose,glycine,serine,1-methylhistidine,tyrosine.Blood biomarkers in Qi deficiency constitution included isoleucine,glucose,glutamine and serine.Compared to the group of constitution of yin-yang harmony,that of phlegm dampness constitution showed a higher content of leucine,valine and threonine,and a lower content of isoleucine,histidine,glucose,glycine,serine,1-methylhistidine and tyrosine,while Qi deficiency constitution showed a higher content of glucose and serine,and a lower content of glutamine and isoleucine.Compared to the group of Qi deficiency constitution,VLDL/LDL,leucine,valine,threonine,lactate expressed relatively higher and histidine,glucose,glycine,serine,1-methylhistidine expressed relatively lower in the group of phlegm dampness constitution.Urine biomarkers in phlegm dampness constitution included 2-hydroxyisobutyrate,citrulline,citrate,dimethylamine,taurine,tryptophan and trigonelline.Urine biomarkers in Qi deficiency constitution included citrulline,glutamine,cis-aconitate,taurine,tryptophan and hippurate.Compared to the group of constitution of yin-yang harmony,that of phlegm dampness constitution showed a higher content of 2-hydroxyisobutyrate,citrate and dimethylamine,and a lower content of citrulline,taurine,tryptophan and trigonelline,while Qi deficiency constitution showed a higher content of cis-aconitate and hippurate,and a lower content of citrulline,glutamine,taurine,tryptophan.Compared to the group of Qi deficiency constitution,2-hydroxyisobutyrate and creatinine expressed relatively higher and hippurate and cis-aconitate expressed relatively lower in the group of phlegm dampness constitution.The metabolic pathways of metabolites between three constitutions were analyzed and compared by referring to relevant databases and documents,which showed there were differences in energy metabolism,lipid metabolism,carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism.From above,phlegm dampness constitution,Qi deficiency constitution and constitution of yin-yang harmony expored with the technique of metabonomics based on NMR may provided a new method for the basic research on biological characteristics and a novel insight to the formation mechanism and incidence tendency of individual constitution.Conclusion:The traditional theory and modern research progress of phlegm dampness constitution,Qi deficiency constitution and constitution of yin-yang harmony were studied and summarized.The relations and differences of theoretical origin,performance characteristics,formation mechanism,disease tendency,etc among the three groups were expounded systematically,which laid a theoretical foundation for the experimental study based on the metabonomics.The discovery of potential biomarkers provided a new biological basis for constitution classification,it also provided a new explanation for the constitutional separable theory of TCM constitution.Research results showed that there were differences in energy metabolism,lipid metabolism,glucose metabolism and amino acid metabolism among three groups.