Urban Environmental Risk Assessment Of The Yangtze River Economic Belt

The Yangtze River Economic Zone is mentioned together with the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and the Belt and Road Initiatives in 13 th Five-Year plan,aiming at promoting the construction of the Yangtze River economic zone.So we can see that the Yangtze River Economic Zone will usher in a new round of development opportunities.But the development of the economy is always accompanied with the excessive exploitation of resources and the negative impact of emissions of pollutants.To carry out the evaluation of city environment risk of the Yangtze River Economic Zone is conducive to learn about the situation of regional city environmental risk.Related basis and decision support is provided for coordinating the industrial layout and protecting the resource and environment of the Yangtze River Basin in the new round of economic development.The evaluation of city environment risk is a certain role in promoting the coordinated management mechanism of ecological environment,and improving people's awareness and vigilance of environmental risk.First of all,this paper reviews the relevant research literature on environmental risk assessment to clarify the meaning and content of environment risk assessment,and to understand the current status of environmental risk assessment at home and abroad.Then,based on the present situation of city environmental risk in the Yangtze River economic zone and ecological,economic and social characteristics of the Yangtze River Economic Zone,according to the theory of environmental risk system,this paper puts forward the index system of urban environmental risk assessment.This index system is constructed from three aspects: hazard of risk source,sensitivity of receptor and recovery of risk receptor.In the empirical analysis,the cities above the prefecture level of the Yangtze River Economic Zone are choosing for comprehensive evaluation by the method of entropy method and thematic map.On the basis of comprehensive evaluation,the spatial distribution and characteristics of spatialagglomeration of environmental risk are showing with the means of spatial auto-correlation,outlier detection and hot spot analysis.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)The population density of the Yangtze River economic Zone is large,the level of economic development is high,the share of industry in GDP is greater than the national average,and the main pollutant emission intensity is big,but there are obvious differences among the upstream,midstream and downstream of the Yangtze River Economic Zone.(2)Hazard distribution of risk source.No risk and low risk area accounted for about 66% of the study area.There are concentrations in the spatial distribution of the hazard of risk source.The anomaly analysis shows that Huainan belongs to high-low outliers,and Anshun belongs to low-high value outliers.The Yangtze River Delta is a hot area of hazard of risk source.Chongqing and some other cities of Hunan are cold spots of hazard of risk source.(3)Distribution of receptor sensitivity.No risk and low risk area reached87.5% of the study area.Yangtze River Delta and the provincial capital cities belong to the middle and high risk areas.Receptor sensitivity has the character of aggregation.Xuancheng is low-high outliers.The Yangtze River Delta is a sensitive area of receptor sensitivity.Cold spots are mainly concentrated in Chongqing,Guizhou and Hunan.(4)Distribution of receptor recovery.The high risk area of the city accounted for 71.7% of the study area.The no risk and the middle risk area are mainly in the vicinity of the provincial capital city and the provincial capital city.Xuancheng is the high-low outliers and Wuhan and Nanchang are low-high outliers.Jingmen,Tianmen and Qianjiang are the hot spots.Xuanchen,Xiangtan,Zhuzhou and Chongqing are cold spots.(5)The environmental risk distribution of the Yangtze River Economic Zone.No risk area accounted for 41.4% of the study area,low risk accounted for 38.5%,the risk accounted for 17.14%,and high risk accounted for 2.92%.Xuancheng is low-high anomaly.The Yangtze River Delta is the hot spot of environmental risk andcold spots are mainly distributed in Chongqing and Hunan.Based on the conclusion of the study,some countermeasures and suggestions are putting forward as follows: implement major pollutants emission reduction,strengthen regional environmental cooperation,establish and improve the special environmental risk assessment platform,strengthen environment protection of the key ecological function areas,etc.