Design And Analysis Of High Gain Lens Antenna Based On Optical Diffraction Theory

As an important part of the electronic system,high-gain antennas have always been favored by many researchers.Commonly used high-gain antenna mainly includes parabolic antenna,array antenna and lens antenna etc.The lens antenna can work without feed block and feed network loss when compared with parabolic antenna and some array antenna,thus it shows unique advantages in practical application.However,lens antenna is designed based on the optical theory,the beam phase correction and focus is realized gradually,which lead to large volume and high profile.Although a number of planar diffractive lens structures have been proposed to solve this problem,there are still some disadvantages such as lower caliber efficiency.Therefore,the study of planar high gain lens antennas based on optical diffraction lenses has shown important value.In this paper,the basic principle of planar optical diffraction lens is used to study the value of the lens structure in improving the radiation characteristics of array antenna and realizing the design of high gain antenna.The research significance of lens antenna and the development of domestic and foreign developments are firstly introduced,followed by introducing the optical principle,classification method and commonly used analysis method.The basic theory of their radiation is also given.Then,by studying the influence of dielectric plat on the characteristics of electromagnetic wave,the main design parameters of planar dielectric lens are analyzed.A kind of planar lens structure loaded on a millimeter wave antenna is designed to improve the radiation performance of the antenna.Finally,based on the equivalent media theory and frequency selective surface theory,combined with the working principle of planar diffraction lens,two high-gain planar lens antennas working in Ku-band are designed.The antenna is simulated and analyzed.The plane lens antenna based on frequency selective structural is fabricated and measured.The accuracy and feasibility of the design method are verified by comparing the simulation results and measured results.