This paper mainly studies group consensus tracking problems and bounded group consensus tracking issues of first-order and second-order multi-agent sys-tems via pinning control protocols. Our main results are summarized as follows:1. We first study the group consensus tracking issues of continuous-time first-order multi-agent systems. Firstly, we provide a method to refactor the topology-graph and establish the relationship between matrix and topology graph. Then,based on the refactored topology graph and some knowledge on graph theory,matrix theory and stability theory, several necessary and sufficient conditions are proposed to guarantee that multi-agent systems can reach the group consensus tracking.2. The group consensus tracking issues of continuous-time first-order and second-order multi-agent systems with time delays are studied, respectively. By optimization method and Lyapunov function, the group consensus tracking crite-ria of first-order and second-order time-delay systems are established, if the time delay is less than the corresponding upper bound of time delays.3. The bounded group consensus tracking issues of continuous-time second-order multi-agent systems with distributed ” observer" is studied. By virtue of the corresponding algebra knowledge, perturbation theory and Lyapunov function,the bounded group consensus tracking criteria of second-order multi-agent systems with/without time delays are established, respectively. |