Research Of Factors And Fertility Desire For Urban Citizens Having Second Child Under The “Two Children Policy For Only-child Parent”

Since 1970 s, the “one-child policy” has been launched out in China for over 30 years, which has made significant changes on China population. However, it also caused a series of changes in population index such as the decreasing birth rate, slowness of population growth, gender imbalance and aging of population. The policy has caused profound influence on social development. The adjustment of population policy is not only related with the harmony of thousands of families, but also is connected with the development of social economy, distribution of nature resource as well as social security. In 2014, all provides and cities in China gradually began to carry out the” Two Children Policy for Only-child Parent” that is Chinese couples with one spouse being an only child would be permitted to have two child. The new policy has relieved enormous responses from the society and has raised the public concern. The debate whether the population is still going to sluggish or have strong rebound because of the launch of the new policy has become the focus of academic world. In 2016, universal”two-child” was put into effect,which also become the hotspot.This essay applies relevant demography theories and bases on the interaction between fertility desire, fertility behavior and fertility level. Choosing fertility desire for women in Nanchang city at their gestation age under the “ Two Child Policy for only parent” as point cut, this essay makes surveys on 4859 women who fit in “two child policy for only parent” and track down their actual fertility behaviors within two years. By comparing the difference between their actual fertility levels before the policy and after the policy, this essay make an deep analyze and find out the outstanding problems of the only patents in Nanchang city for altering their fertility desires into actual fertility behaviors, then, comes out some specific solutions like extending the maternity leave, adjusting the birth insurance guaranteeing the safety of maternal and child, finally forecast the result for putting “universal child policy” in Nanchang city based on the research result on “Two Children Policy for Only Parent”...