| Objective:In order to observe the regional tissue injury of rabbits caused by the extravasation of contrast media in animal models.To compare the effects of different nursing methods and then explore the possible mechanism of action.And to explore an effective,simple processing method,provide theoretical basis and experimental reference for clinical practice,and strengthen nurses,knowledge of extravasation in non-clinical departments especially the imaging department.Methods:31 New Zealand white rabbits were chosen as research objects.The animal models of extravasation were established by subcutaneously injecting 20ml of iohexol into two hind legs at the speed of 3ml/s,after the vessels of hind legs were pierced.According to the complete random principle,there were 3 groups with 10 rabbits in group A,B and 11rabbits in group C.Group A adopted ice cold therapy made of 10%NaCl 50ml for 2h/time,4-5 times/24h,total 48h and group B adopted MgSO4 wet application,group C adopted normal saline wet application for the same time.Before the intervention and 24h,48h after interventions,regional redness and swelling and hind leg circumferences were observed,then the difference of hind legs circumferences were calculated,and GSI scanning was performed to measure iodine content in hind legs.48h after interventions,the pathological tissue of hind legs was taken for HE staining and observed the morphological changes of the infiltration area.The t-test,analysis of variance and nonparametric test were performed by using SPSS22.0 statistical software and the difference was statistically significant,when the value of P was less than 0.05.Results:1.Rabbit exosmosis model.The rabbits’hind legs were visibly swollen and regional skin appears purple.By CT scan,extravasation immediately（0h）,a clear high-density and patchy shadow was showed in hind legs.3-5h after extravasation,high and low density areas appeared in hind legs,kidney and bladder.24h and 48h after extravasation,there were different degrees of dissipation.The leg circumferences of each group at 0h was higher than these before the extravasation（P<0.01）but there were not statistically significant in the leg circumferences of 3 groups at the same time points（P>0.05）.2.Comparison of leg circumferences and iodine content in every group.Compared with 24h after external application,there were statistical differences in the leg circumferences and iodine content of rabbits at 48h after intervention in group A or B（P<0.01）and in group C,there were no statistical significances in different time points.（P>0.05）.3.Comparison between groups:24h after intervention,the leg circumferences in 3groups decreased in different degrees（P<0.05）.Leg circumferences in group A significantly decreased than these in the other two groups,and there were no significant differences of the other two groups at the same time points.48h after intervention,the leg circumferences in 3 groups decreased in varying degrees（P<0.01）.The maximum reduction was in group A,the smallest was in group C and the second was in group B.And at each time point,there were differences of 3 group in iodine content and the degree of hemorrhage and inflammation（P<0.01）.The degree in group A was the lowest and in group C was the highest.The degree of group B was between group A and group C.Conclusions:1.when iodine contrast media is infiltrated,it can accumulate in hind legs and cause swelling,local iodine content surge,bleeding and inflammation in the regional tissue.It may then be excreted via the kidneys and bladder of rabbits.2.The ice cold therapy and 50%MgSO4 wet compression have effects on the extravasation of iodine contrast media,which can promote swelling dissipate,reduce iodine content,the bleeding degree and inflammation.Between them,the effect of ice cold therapy is better.3.Compared with MgSO4 wet compression,ice cold therapy is more convenient and cheap to use and can be more suitable for both inpatients and outpatients. |
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