| Objective Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers at home and abroad,while gastric adenocarcinoma is the most common histological type and most patients are diagnosed as advanced gastric cancer.Although surgery and specific anticancer drugs have been developed,postoperative survival rates are still low even in the early stages.Therefore,finding the relevant gene targets that affect the occurrence and development of gastric adenocarcinoma and intervening the related pathways is a key measure to solve the poor prognosis and short survival time of gastric adenocarcinoma patients.The activation of Wnt pathway plays an important role in the occurrence and development of various tumors.The Wnt signaling pathway includes the classical Wnt/β-catenin pathway and the non-classical Wnt signaling pathway.Studies have shown that Diversin is highly expressed in non-small cell lung cancer,breast cancer and human brain astrocytoma cells,they lead to poor patient outcomes by activating non-classical Wnt pathways.The expression and mechanism of Diversin in gastric adenocarcinoma have not been reported.Therefore,the purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of Diversin in gastric adenocarcinoma,and to clarify the relationship between Diversin and gastric adenocarcinoma;to analyze the relationship between Diversin and the downstream factor MMP-9 in non-canonical Wnt pathway,and the key proteinβ-catenin in the Wnt pathway,then we can make a preliminary judgement of the route of Diversin in gastric adenocarcinoma.MethodsA total of 77 cases confirmed with pathology of gastric adenocarcinoma specimens from 2011 to 2014 were collected as experimental group,50 cases of non neoplastic gastric mucosa as control group.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Diversin,MMP-9 and beta-catenin in gastric adenocarcinoma and paracancerous tissues.Statistical software was used to analyze the expression of Diversin,MMP-9 and beta-catenin in gastric cancer tissues,the relationship between Diversin,MMP-9 and beta-catenin with clinicopathological parameters,and the correlation analysis between Diversin and MMP-9 and beta-catenin..ResultsImmunohistochemical detection showed that Diversin was up-regulated in gastric adenocarcinoma tissues,but low or no expression in adjacent tissues.The positive rate of Diversin in gastric adenocarcinoma was 70%,the positive expression rate of Diversin in adjacent tissues Was 34%,the difference between the two was statistically significant(P<0.01).Diversin expression in gastric adenocarcinoma was correlated with tumor size,lymph node metastasis and depth of invasion(P<0.05),but not with gender,age and differentiation(P>0.05).The positive expression rate of P-catenin in gastric adenocarcinoma tissues was 67.5%,and the positive expression rate of β-catenin in adjacent tissues was 14%.Statistically,the high expression of P-catenin in gastric adenocarcinoma was correlated with the depth of tumor invasion.The positive expression rate of β-catenin in non-invasion serosa(T1 + T2)was 43.8%The positive expression rate of P-catenin in serosa specimens was 66.7%(P=0.045).β-catenin was not associated with gender,age,tumor size,lymph node metastasis and differentiation in gastric adenocarcinoma(P>0.05).The positive expression rate of MMP-9 in gastric adenocarcinoma was 66.2%and that in paracancerous tissues was 26%,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).In correlation analysis with clinicopathological parameters,it was found that the expression of MMP-9 in gastric adenocarcinoma tissues was related to lymph node metastasis and tumor invasion depth,but not related to sex,age,tumor size and tumor differentiation degree(P<0.05).By analyzing the correlation between Diversin and MMP-9 and beta-catenin protein,it is found that there is a correlation between Diversin and MMP-9,and is positively correlated(P=0.001,r=0.372).Diversin has no correlation with beta-catenin protein(P=0.114).ConclusionsDiversin is overexpressed in gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and low or no in paracancerous tissues,and high expression of Diversin in gastric adenocarcinoma is associated with tumor size,depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis.Invasion and metastasis are the basic features of malignant tumors,suggesting that patients with high expression of Diversin have a higher degree of malignancy,and Diversin may be a new gene target for gastric adenocarcinoma treatment.By analyzing the relationship between Diversin and the downstream target factor P-catenin in the canonical Wnt pathway and MMP-9 in non-canonical Wnt/PCP pathway,it was found that there was a positive correlation between Diversin and MMP-9 in gastric adenocarcinoma,but Diversin is not relevant to β-catenin.The results of this study preliminary suggest that the involvement of Diversin in the development of gastric adenocarcinoma may be accomplished through the PCP pathway,laying a foundation for future research. |
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