A Comparison Of Medications Between Children And Adults With Schizophrenia

Objective:To investigate the current situation of medications between children and adults with schizophrenia and to explore the differences,efficacy and safety of medications between two groups.Methods:A total of 165 child and adolescent inpatients with schizophrenia were retrospectively investigated the daily doses of drugs and the mental status on the day when they discharged from Shandong Mental Health Center during January 1,2015 to December 31,2016,and the same number of adult schizophrenics were randomly selected and investigated,all patients were accorded with International classification of disease tenth edition(ICD-10).We applied the statistical analysis method of general descriptive analysis,Chi-square test,Fisher probabilities,the independent sample T test and rank-sum test to explore the differences,efficacy and safety of medications between children and adults with schizophrenia.Results:1.There were some demographic differences of children and adults patients.The course of adults with schizophrenia were longer than that of children(p<0.05).The length of stay with adults were shorter than that of children(p<0.05).There were no significant differences in sex between two groups(p>0.05).2.The ratio of drug combination in the children and adolescents was significantly higher than that in adults(p<0.05),the clinically equivalent doses of monotherapy and polypharmacy in children and adolescents was significantly higher than that in adults(p<0.05).3.The top 5 kinds of antipsychotic drugs for patients with single antipsychotics were risperidone,olanzapine,amisulpride,quetiapine and aripiprazole in both groups.The ratio of all drugs were significantly differences between two groups(p<0.05),the dose of olanzapine in children and adolescents was significantly higher than that in adults(p<0.05).4.The top 5 kinds of antipsychotic drugs for patients with combinational antipsychotics were risperidone and quetiapine combination,risperidone and olanzapine combination,risperidone and aripiprazole combination,aripiprazole and olanzapine combination,amisulpride and olanzapine combination.The ratio of all drug combination were significantly differences between two groups(p<0.05)and the olanzapine dose equivalent of risperidone and olanzapine combination in children and adolescents was significantly higher than that in adults(p<0.05).The mostly ratio of drug combination with other antipsychotic drugs were risperidone,olanzapine,amisulpride,quetiapine and aripiprazole.The dose of quetiapine in children and adolescents was significantly higher than that in adults(p<0.05).5.The outcome of two groups was no significant difference(P>0.05),no matter they were on single antipsychotic or on drug combination(P>0.05).6.The ratio of antidepressants,mood stabilizers,anxiolytics and Trihexyphenidyl in children and adolescents was significantly higher than that in adults(p<0.05).The ratio of anxiolytics in children and adolescents was significantly lower than that in adults(p<0.05).The most ratio of antipsychotics and antidepressants combination was sertraline between two groups.The top 2 kinds of combinational mood stabilizers were magnesium valproate,sodium valproate in both groups.The top 1 kinds of combinational anxiolytics were lorazepam in two groups.7.The side effects of two groups was no significant difference(P>0.05),The top 2 kinds of side effects in children and adolescents were abnormal liver function,higher prolactin levels.The ratio of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents was significantly higher than that in adults(p<0.05),the ratio of other side effects between two groups was no significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusions:1.The antipsychotics for children and adolescents with schizophrenia are similar with those for adult patients,but the child and adolescent patients tend to combine different drugs.2.The some doses of antipsychotic drugs in children and adolescents was significantly higher than that in adults both monotherapy and polypharmacy treatment.The ratio of antidepressants,mood stabilizers,anxiolytics and Trihexyphenidyl in children and adolescents was significantly higher than that in adults.3.The efficacy and ratio of side effects of the child and adolescent patients are similar with those of adults after receiving medications.