| Objective:1.To evaluated the risk factors of GDM by comparing the general data as well as the serum level of 25-hydroxyvitaminD of pregnant women in differernt group of NGT and GDM.2.To investigate the maternal and infant complications and to find whether they are related to the blood glucose level.Methods:One hundred and twenty-one gestational Diabetes Mellitus(GDM)pregnancy women and two hundred and sixteen Normal glucose tolerance(NGT)pregnancy women were enrolled into the study from November 2014 to January 2017 at HePing Maternity Hospital.The GDM group was subdivided into two groups: Blood glucose well controlled group with 96 pregnant women as group I and non well controlled group with 26 pregnant women as group II.Basic information was taken by a questionnaire.Serum 25-hydroxyvitaminD,fasting glucose(FPG),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbAlc)etc were evaluated in the hospitalized periods just before delivery The blood glucose,blood routine,liver and kidney function as well as the general data of the new-borns were recorded.Pregnancy outcomes,newborn adverse outcomes and incidence rate of the maternal and infant complications,etc were also recorded.SPSS 22.0.was used for analyse.Results:1、Positive rate of diabetes family history and multiple birth rate of Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)group were significantly higher than that of normal glucose tolerance(NGT)group(P<0.05);patients received college education in Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)group were significantly fewer than that in normal glucose tolerance(NGT)groupt(P<0.05);there were no significant differences between the GDM and NGT group in the aspects as eating habits,exercise habits and smoking and drinking habits(P>0.05).2、The patients index of age,pre-pregnancy BMI,weight growth during pregnancy,systolic pressure,fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)group were significantly higher than that in normal glucose tolerance(NGT)group(P<0.05)3、The serum 25-hydroxyvitaminD level of the GDM group was significantly lower than that of the NGT group(P<0.05);The serum 25-hydroxyvitaminD level of group II was significantly lower than that of group I(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed GDM is related to the level of serum 25-hydroxyvitaminD,age,pre-pregnancy BMI,weight growth during pregnancy,positive diabetes family history,multiple births and degree of education.The serum 25-hydroxyvitaminD level is an independent protective factor of GDM.4、The incidence of the cesarean section and polyhydramnios of the GDM group was significantly higher than that in NGT group.Newborns in GDM group suffered from higher risks of complications than that in NGT group,such as fetal macrosomia,hypoglycemia,polycythemia,fetal distress and fetal death(P<0.05);there were no significantly differences of the incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension,premature rupture of membranes and birth defects in both groups(P>0.05).The incidence of cesarean section,polyhydramnios,fetal macrosomia,fetal distress and birth defects of group II were significantly higher than that of group I(P<0.05);no differences were found of the incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension and premature rupture of membranes in group I and the group II,(P>0.05).Conclusion:1、Advanced age,multiple births,the lower degree of education,diabetes family history,obesity and too much weight growth during pregnancy are risk factors of GDM.For patients with these risk factors health education and blood glucose monitoring should be emphasized.2.The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level might be an independent protective factor of GDM.3、Patients with GDM may have a higher incidence of the maternal and infant complications.And the incidence is related to the blood glucose controlled. |
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