Disturbance Of Electrolyte In Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury

ObjectiveAccording to an analysis of death causes for traumatic brain injuries,about 62%of the patients among Neurosurgery patients died of various complications after traumatic brain injury.However,endocrine dysfunction after traumatic brain injury caused disturbance of electrolyte,which led to the destroy of internal environment homeostasis.The reason is mainly that traumatic brain injury may result in the injure of the connected system of hypothalamus-pituitary,causing pathological stress response which then caused disturbance of electrolyte or multiple organ function damage or failure.Disturbance of electrolyte of patients after traumatic brain injuries has long plagued masses of medical workers,including hyponatremia,hypernatremia and hyperkalemia,etc.That disturbance of electrolyte can’t be corrected in a timely manner will lead to the decreasing of patient prognosis level.But clinical doctors knew limited about the disturbance of electrolyte after traumatic brain injuries,and they did not understand the occurrence rules.The related researches about this is also relative less.Therefore,it is of great importance to master the characteristics and its influencing factors of water electrolyte disturbance of patients with traumatic brain injuries.MethodsThis paper conducts retrospective analysis of detailed clinical data of 118 patients with traumatic brain injuries,discusses the occurrence time rule of electrolyte disturbance,analyzes related influencing factors of different types and different severity of electrolyte disturbance,hyponatremia,hypernatremia,hypokalemia and hyperkalemia,etc,and analyzes its relationship with prognosis.ResultsPatients with traumatic brain injuries of different severity have no significant difference(p = 0.639)in the severity of the hyponatremia.Patients with traumatic brain injuries of different severity have significant difference(p<0.05)in the occurrence and injury severity of hypernatremia and hyponatremia.Severe hyponatremia,hypernatremia and hypokalemia usually appear in 1 to 3 days after injuries.Patients with traumatic brain injuries in different parts have statistical difference(p<0.05)in the severity of the hyponatremia,hypernatremia and hypokalemia occurred.There was no statistical significance(p<0.05)of the GOS scale of patients with different severity of hyponatremia.There were statistical significances(p<0.05)of the GOS scale of patients with different severity of hypernatremia and hypokalemia.Hyperkalemia occurred in only 2 of the all 118 patients.ConclusionDisturbance of electrolyte of patients after traumatic brain injuries mainly included hyponatremia,hypernatremia and hyperkalemia.There were only 2 examples of hyperkalemia in our study.There was no correlation between the severity and degree of injury of hyponatremia while the severity and degree of injury of hypernatremia and hypokalemia were closely related.Severe hyponatremia,hypernatremia or hypokalemia often occurred in the early days after traumatic brain injuries,usually in 1 to 3 days,and the latter two were closely related with the prognosis of patients which should be found and corrected in time.The severity of hyponatremia,hypernatremia or hypokalemia was closed related to the lesion location.