Relationships Between Visceral Adipose Tissue And Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors

[Objective] Along with development of obesity crowd, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome increases year by year. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is always considered to be an important factor which is closely related to the development of metabolic syndrome. Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome ( OSAHS) is the most common sleep disordered breathing, which lead to hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, and also be one of the risk factors. This study aimed at analyzing the relationship between visceral adipose tissue and metabolic syndrome risk factors,through measuring visceral adipose tissue with dual-bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA), which could help us to better interpret the correlation between obesity and metabolic disease risks, and provides us with the theoretical basis for the treatment of obesity related metabolic diseases.[Methods]The 150 patients were selected in Kunming Yanan Hospital,Gerontology Department who were likely to suffer metabolic syndrome during August 2016 to January 2017. We recorded age, gender, weight, height and BMI of all patients. Moreover, we measured and recorded the area of abdominal visceral adipose tissue. We also examined and recorded the apnea hypoventilation index (AHI)and the lowest oxygen saturation (nadir SpO2),and collected venous blood sample for examining the fasting blood glucose(FBG), total cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride(TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein a (Lp(a)) and uric acid (UA).[Results](1)Among the 150 patients in this study, age swinged between 22-75 years old,and the average age was 54.18± 11.95. 113 patients were male which took up 75.33%and 37 patients were female which took up 24.67%.(2) According to the BMI, we divided the patients into three groups, normal BMI group(18.5≤BMI<25), overweight group(25≤BMI<28) and obesity group(BMI≥28). As for the BMI distribution, 44 cases were in normal BMI(29.33%), 48 cases were overweight(32%) and 58 cases were in obesity(38.67%).The proportion of VAT overweight patients in the three groups were respectively 38.64%, 75% and 96.55%.Besides, there was a positive correlation between VAT and BMI.(3)According to AHI level, we divided the patients into four groups, normal group(AHI < 5), mild OSAHS group(5 ≤ AHI < 15), moderate OSAHS group(15≤AHI < 30) and severe OSAHS group(AHI ≥ 30). There were 12 patients without OSAHS, 36 patients in mild OSAHS, 51 in moderate OSAHS, 51 in severe OSAHS and 8%,24%,34%,34% in proportion respectively. The proportion of VAT overweight patients in the four groups were respectively 25%, 36.11%, 80.39% and 98.04%.Besides, there was a positive correlation between VAT and AHI.(4)According to the lowest Sp02 level, we divided the patients into four groups,normal blood oxygen saturation group(Sp02 ≥ 90%),mild hypoxemia group(85%SpO2<90%),moderate hypoxemia group(80%≤SpO2<85%) and severe hypoxemia group(Sp02 < 80%). There were 88 cases in the group of normal blood oxygen saturation(58.67%), 50 cases in the mild hypoxemia group(33.33%), 9 cases in the moderate hypoxemia group(6%) and 3 cases in the severe hypoxemia group(2%). The proportion of VAT overweight patients in the four groups were respectively 56.82%,94%, 100% and 100%. Besides, there was a negatively correlation between VAT and SpO2.(5) According to the VAT, we divided the patients into two groups, one is the excess visceral fat group(VAT≥100cm2), the other one is normal visceral fat group(VAT<100cm2), statistical analysis showed that the two groups had statistically significant differences(P<0.05) in BMI, systolic pressure(SBP), diastolic pressure(DBP), AHI, nadir SpO2, TC, TG, LDL-C, UA.(6) The correlation between the differential factors which were screened using single factor analysis method and VAT statistical analysis showed that VAT and BMI,SBP, DBP, AHI, CHOL, LDL-C were positively correlated, and negatively correlated with nadir SpO2, both of them were had statistically significant differences(P<0.05).However, VAT were also positively correlated with TG, UA, but there were no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).(7) We regarded the patients with excessive VAT or not as dependent variables,regarded the differential factors which were screened using single factor analysis method as independent variables, and performed Logistic regression analysis. The results showed that the BMI, DBP, AHI were major risk factors for excessive VAT.[Conclusions](1) VAT is significantly correlated with BMI,which can also reflect the degree of obesity to some extent. And VAT is the most efficient way to screen out patients who are at high risk for metabolic syndrome, to reduce the rate of missed diagnosis.(2) VAT is closely correlated with SBP、DBP、TC、LDL、C,which maybe a new risk factors of the metabolic syndrome.(3) VAT is closely correlated with AHI、SpO2, which maybe better to predict risk of cardiovascular events, and can be predict the prognosis of metabolic syndrome.