| 【Background】With the national naval strategy shifted from coastal defense to the remote sea guard,the naval military training and combat mission is arduous,the military training injury to the combat effectiveness of the troops has become increasingly prominent.However,there are few studies on training injuries of officers and soldiers of Navy surface ships in China,and there are limitations in other countries’ research results and experiences.In addition,the risk factors of navy training injury are complex and special.Therefore,it is urgent to carry out relevant research to reduce the occurrence of navy military training injury.【Objective】This study is to understand the current situation and management status of officers and men of naval surface warships,analyze the influencing factors of navy military training injuries,and according to the results,propose targeted intervention strategies to help the health institutions and training Institutions identify military training risk factors,improve the training model,so as to improve the operational capacity,to achieve health maintenance and health strong purpose.【Method】(A)Literature ResearchThis paper summarizes the management and research situation of naval training injuries at home and abroad and the related research cases,finds out the methods of military training injury,defines the concepts of Military Training Injuries(MTIs),Musculoskeletal Injuries(MSIs),Musculoskeletal Disorders(MSDs),clear the relationship between the three,and identifies seven aspects of risk factors: physical fitness,activity,behavioral habits,training organization,environmental factors and psychosocial factors.(B)Questionnaire SurveyRandom cluster sampling was conducted on N,S force destroyers,frigates,logistic warfare ships and service ships.Questionnaires were used to collect data,by hand distribution of the questionnaire,the person responsible for review after the recovery,a total of 1934 valid questionnaires.(C)Statistical AnalysisFirst of all,the distribution of MTIs,MSIs and MSDs,injury type,injury situation and age and status were analyzed.Secondly,the differences of MTIs,MSIs and MSDs among different regions,identities,ages,ship types,work positions and risk factors were compared by chi-square test.Finally,MTIs,MSIs and MSDs were used as independent variables,logistic regression analysis was performed with the statistically significant risk factors as independent variables.【Result】(A)The characteristics of military training injuries1、The overall incidence of MTIs was 47.2%,the North(54.9%)were significantly higher than the South(39.2%).The main types of military training were abrasion(24.0%),muscle damage(18.5%),sprain(18.1%),ligament injury(14.4%)and lumbar disc herniation(11.5%)and so on.2、The incidence of MTIs in service ships(59.9%)was significantly higher than that in frigates(43.2%)and landing ships(39.7%)(P <0.05),and the incidence of destroyers(50.9%)was significantly higher than that of landing ships(39.7%)(P <0.05).3、The incidence of MTIs in officers and soldiers aged less than 20 years was significantly lower than that in 25 to 30 years old,30 to 35 years old and 35 years old(P <0.05)(P <0.05).The incidence of officers and soldiers aged ≥ 15 years was significantly higher than that of officers and soldiers in <5 years(P <0.05).4、The incidence of MTIs in compulsory soldier(39.7%)was significantly lower than that of non-commissioned officers(50.3%)(P <0.05).The incidence of normal BMI(44.04%)was significantly lower than that of overweight(59.13%)(P <0.05).5、The incidence of MSDs was 21.82%,and the top five sites were lower back,knee,neck,shoulder and ankle,accounting for 58.0% of the patients who had MSDs without any treatment6、The incidence of MTIs,MSIs and MSDs was higher among the married and men with higher education level,but there was no difference in the incidence of MTIs,MSIs and MSDs among the only-child children.(B)single-factor analysis results1.MTIs were statistically significant factors: geographical,age,height,identity,marital status,educational level,age,BMI,self-assessment of health status,physical fitness training time,three thousand meters results,push-ups,trauma history Frequency,the number of drunkenness per month,whether the system learning training injury protection knowledge,whether the medical staff on-site protection,training after the relaxation of activities,training,teammate comrades protection during the sailing during the psychological physician protection,sailing during the treatment of injury,insomnia,lack of sleep,Drowsiness,ship type,naval life experience,cabin ventilation,noise effects,mental state,interpersonal relationships,anxiety and depression..2.MSIs have statistically significant factors: age,identity,marital status,educational level of military age,BMI,health status self-assessment,three thousand meters results,push-ups,other sports activities,trauma history,drinking frequency,Whether the system to learn training injury prevention knowledge,whether there is medical staff on-site protection,training after the relaxation of activities,training,teammate comrades protection,during the flight of psychological care,during the sailing injury treatment time,insomnia,lack of sleep,sleepiness,ship type,Life experience,cabin ventilation,noise effects,mental state,interpersonal relationships,anxiety,depression.3.MSDs were statistically significant factors: age,identity,marital status,educational level,only child,military age,BMI,health status self-assessment,physical activity comparison self-evaluation,weekly low-intensity activities,three thousand meters,Such as sports activities,trauma history,sedentary time,body stretching,drinking frequency,whether to systematically learn training injury knowledge,whether there is medical staff on-site protection,preparation activities are sweating,after training to relax activities,training team Comrades protection,during the sailing of the psychological physician protection,sailing during the treatment of injury in time,insomnia,lack of sleep,sleepiness,ship type,ship life experience,cabin ventilation,noise,mental state,anxiety,depression.(C)Logistic regression analysisMTIs had 13 risk factors,and MSIs and MSDs were associated with 9 and 12 risk factors,respectively.The relationship between each influencing factor and MTIs,MSIs and MSDs were as follows:1.Individual factors: Age is the promotion factor of MTIs and MSDs,BMI≥25 is the motivator of MTIs and MSIs,the OR values are 1.586(1.223-2.057)and 1.448(1.137-1.843),respectively.The educational level is related to MTIs,MTIs and MSDs,MSIs and MSDs have nothing to do;trauma history is a contributing factor to MSIs and MSDs,with OR values of 1.421(1.005-2.009)and 1.683(1.105-2.562),respectively.2.Physical fitness and activity: three thousand meters of good grades and excellent is the protective factor of MTIs,OR values were 0.577(0.359-0.928)and 0.508(0.298-0.865);three thousand meters and several good and MSDs Protective factors,OR values were 0.517(0.326-0.819)and 0.603(0.367-0.99);participation in other sports activities is MSDs promotion factor,OR value is 1.326(1.011-1.738).3.Behavioral habits: smoking or not with MTIs,MSIs and MSDs have nothing to do,but the monthly drunkenness is the promotion factor of MTIs,OR value is 1.256(1.013-1.557);body lift is the protective factor of MSDs,OR value is 0.623(0.44-0.882).4.Training management: training of medical staff protection is MTIs and MSIs protection factors,OR values were 0.706(0.557-0.895)and 0.757(0.601-0.954);after injury can be timely treatment is MTIs,MSIs,and MSDs,the protective factors were 0.657(0.503-0.86),0.623(0.481-0.807)and 0.651(0.491-0.863),respectively.5.Sleepiness: insomnia is MSIs and MSDs promotion factors,OR values were 1.425(1.164-1.745)and 2.012(1.529-2.648);weekly ≥1 times sleepiness is MTIs,MSIs and MSDs promotion factors,OR values were 1.527(1.243-1.875),1.285(1.043-1.582)and 2.155(1.631-2.848).6.Psychological factors: anxiety is the promotion of MSDs,OR value is 1.75(1.235-2.479).7.Environmental factors: Severe and more severe noise is MTIs,MSIs and MSDs,and the OR values are 1.377(1.118-1.695),1.425(1.164-1.745)and 1.569(1.2-2.051),respectively.【Conclusion】1.According to the dose-response relationship between the aerobic fitness,obesity,and skeletal muscle disorders(injury),it needs to strengthen the aerobic fitness training and control the proportion of officers and men overweight.2.Reasonable medical intervention,do a good job training medical supervision and protection.From the construction of professional training and security team to start,do training and training to strengthen the training of medical intervention,such as strengthening the training of knowledge mission,focus on the resumption of skills training,good training after the resumption of injury and timely treatment and other work.3.Scientific development of training programs,the use of scientific training methods.Combined with the environment,the physical condition of officers and men,training subjects,etc.,to develop appropriate training programs,and training and intensity of the arrangements for the regulation of the gradual preparation of the strength of training,enhanced strength training and maintain strength training,improve the physical quality of officers and men.4.Establish a scientific screening and evaluation system for physical fitness.It is necessary to emphasize the basic role of physical fitness and reduce the athletic ability and evaluation of physical fitness training,pay attention to the human body in the healthy state of efficient training;according to social and economic progress of the physical quality of the population changes,the use of scientific indicators to assess physical fitness,Such as basic campaign function screening,training and evaluation.5.Strictly control the recruits into the psychological,personality,trauma history and other screening,strict quality control of the source.6.To improve the living environment of officers and men,to eliminate noise and other environmental factors.7.Attention to the psychological adjustment of officers and men,to eliminate officers and men of anxiety and other bad psychology.By strengthening the psychological counseling staff to carry out and carry out the mental health education of officers and men,to carry out psychological and psychological intervention of officers and men,do a good job of psychological monitoring of officers and men,and scientifically adjust the officers and men psychological. |
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