| Objective:To learn the status of overweight and obesity related knowledge, belief, behavior about 7-17 years old children and adolescents in Yinchuan. To evaluate the intervention effect about knowledge, beliefs,behavior related overweight and obesity based on “ healthy diet, Happy Sport ”.in order to explore feasible and effective prevention measures to provide a scientific basis to control child and adolescent overweight and obesity.Methods:Stratified cluster random sampling method, Extraction 7 primary schools, 4 junior and 4 high schools from 3 zones(Xingqing district, Jinfeng District, Xixia) in Yinchuan. And then extracted class 1 and 3 from primary school grades 1-5th, junior grade 7-8th, high school grade 10-11 th all classes of students as research subjects, Baseline survey included physical examination and obesity-related knowledge survey, Primary 1-3th fill out the questionnaire by the parents, the remaining by the students themselves; Then selected 1 primary school and 1 junior high school randomly from the baseline survey schools,the same students form baseline survey as intensive intervention object. Intervention students engaged in interventions activities based on “healthy diet, Happy Sport”. physical examination and obesity-related knowledge survey 4 months later. Before and after the intervention by child and adolescent overweight and obesity-related knowledge, changes in beliefs, behavior and awareness of diet and exercise behavior, evaluation of effectiveness of interventions.To comparison awareness changes in knowledge,beliefs,behavior and the variety in diet and exercise behavior about 2 school children and adolescent overweight and obesity before and after intervention.Results:(1) The detection rate of overwight and obesity was respectively 10.0%, 5.8% of children and adolescent in Yinchuan; boys’ detection rate were higher than girls. There is a downward trend increases with age. in detection rate of overwight and obesity(2) Nutrition knowledge: “every day should eat more fruits and vegetables” had the highest awareness, reaching 95.6%, while “ Food in the bottom of Chinese dietary pagoda should eat more ”had the lowest awareness only 46.9%;(3) Attitude: children and adolescents consider their weight normal accounted for 35.7%,dissatisfaction accounted for 45.7%, want to change were 55.2%. Believe to achieve their ideal body weight had 66.6%; Satisfied with their weight in Hui students accounted for 42.9%, Han accounted for 44.2%,Hui had slightly higher, the difference was statistically significant; “feel normal weight”, “satisfaction with your own weight ”, “want to change your weight status ”and “ believe through their efforts to achieve the ideal body weight”,girls’ Correct evaluation and understanding higher than boys; primary, middle and high schools student feel their weight normalwere 45.0%, 41.1% and 38.9%, there is a declining.trends. “feel normal weight”, “satisfaction with your own weight ”, “want to change your weight status” and “believe that through their efforts to achieve the ideal body weight,”the difference between different stages of learning issues had statistics significance.(4) Eating behavior: Eating vegetables more than 4 days had a maximum of 83.1%, more than 4 days eating fried foods had a least of 7.1%; overweight,obesity and the normal group eat meat more than 4 days the was 40.4%, 36.6%, overweight,obesity group were higher than normal group. Eat vegetables more than 4 days, Hui were 84.4%, Han were 82.5%, Hui higher than the Han; Eat meat, and eat breakfast,Hui were 35.3%, 82.7%, Han were 37.6%,83.7%, Han were higher than Hui. “Sugary drinks and eat meat ”more than 4 days,the boys were 14.6%, 41.9%, girls were 10.2%,32.7%, boys higher than girls. Eat breakfast more than 4 days Pupils had a hightest of 90.1%,Eat fruit more than 4 days,junior and high school students had a hightest of 83.8% and 94.4%; Eat fruit,sugary drinks,eat meat,eat breakfast,,milk drinks in different stages of learning difference dad statistically significant.(5) sports behavior: walk more than 4 days had a hightest of 71.2%, The average daily outdoor activities more than 2 hours had a lowest of29.7%; performed moderate-intensity exercise more than 4 days, overweight, obesity group and normal group difference dad statistically significant. “In the past seven days, moderate exercise more than 4 days”,Han were 43.0%, Hui were 37.1%, Han were higher than Hui,the difference had statistically significant; Average daily outdoor activities more than 2 hours, Hui were 30.6%, Han were 28.9%;Walking to school more than 4 days,boys were 69.7%,and girls were 72.6%, girls higher than boys,the difference had statistically significant;while in the average daily outdoor activities more than 2 hours, boys were 31.3%,and girls were 28.1%, boys were higher than girls; Intensity exercise more than 4 days, junior school and high school students were 39.0%,37.4%, primary students were 31.8%; Average daily outdoor activities more than 2 hours, primary students, junior students were 30.1%, 34.7%, while high school students were only 23.3%; There were significant differences in intensity exercise and exercise time in the last seven days of among primary,middle and high school students.(6) Analysis of intervention: nutritional knowledge: After intervention,The awareness of “eat more fried foods is harmful to health”,“Every day to drink milk is good for health”qusetions were 92.1%, 93.9%, compared with before(89%, 90.6%) had a significantly improvement.On the attitudes of their body weight: “satisfaction with your weight”,The satisfaction was 36.2% before intervention and was 45.7% after the intervention,the difference had statistically significant. Eating behavior: “In the past seven days, eating vegetables”more than 4 days, after intervention(89.0%) higher than before intervention(85.4%), the difference had statistically significant; “In the past seven days,eat breakfast”,after intervention(89.3%) higher than that before intervention(81.1%),the difference had statistically significant. sports behavior: “In the past seven days,higher intensity exercise”more than 4 days, from the previous interventions 23.7% rose to 35.5%, the difference had statistically significant, “In the past seven days, average outdoor activities” more 2 hours, from the previous interventions 3.2% rose to 5.7%.Conclusion:(1) The detection rate of overwight and obesity was respectively 10.0%, 5.8% of children and adolescent in Yinchuan; boys’ detection rate were more than girls.(2) " Food in the bottom of Chinese dietary pagoda should eat more " had the lowest awareness. Children and adolescents receiving nutrition education lack professional knowledge, to strengthen health education teacher training. Health education need targeted, the intervention should focus on Han nationality, boys, primary students.(3) Children and adolescents had high awareness of knowledge.However, the actual action of diet, exercise may not be sufficiently.there were uniform bewteen in knowledge and behavior of overweight and obesity in comprehensive intervention. Strengthenthe education of nutrition knowledge and behavior to improve the level of nutritional knowledge,correct attitude and reasonable diet to develop a good eating and living habits.(4) interventions based on “healthy diet, Happy Sport” has a role in promoting. children and adolescents to increase knowledge and awareness of nutrition. After the implementation of the intervention, children and adolescents evaluation their body weight,more objective especially in the overweight,obesity group, Treat their weight and changing attitudes weight confidence has been greatly improved.Nutritional knowledge to guide the practice of life, There were big changes in eating and sports behavior of children and adolescents. |
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