Etiological Analysis On Recurrent Otitis Media With Effusion

ObjectiveSecretory otitis media is a common disease in the middle ear of the middle ear, the main symptoms of the middle ear effusion, hearing loss, etc.. Children and adults will be on the incidence, children see more.At present, the cause of the disease is not very clear, more than that with a variety of factors. In clinical found that most patients by standard conservative treatment or surgical treatment can be cured, but some patients appear persistent disease, symptom repeatedly, even repeatedly catheter. Related factors on the recurrence of secretory otitis media is less reported. By analyzing the possible pathogenic factors of recurrent secretory otitis media, the factors influencing the recurrence of secretory otitis media were analyzed. MethodsThe patients with OME had been conducted clinical evaluation and ventilation tube insertion. Of 255 cases observed, 85 cases were recurrence within one year, while 170 cases were recovered. The course of disease was from 5 months to 10 years. Factors including age, gender, course of disease, smoking environment, recurrent respiratory tract infection, chronic nasal sinusitis, nasal structural abnormalities, adenoid hypertrophy / nasopharyneal lymphadenosis, and mastoid gasification condition, history of tube insertion, duration of ventilation tube were evaluated by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis and compared among preschool children, school age children and adults. ResultsIn univariate analysis, it was strongly associated with age, higher prevalence of recurrent respiratory tract infection(χ2=22.546 P=0.000), chronic nasal sinusitis(χ2=5.211 P=0.023), adenoid hypertrophy / nasopharyneal lymphadenosis(χ2=10.338 P=0.002), mastoid pneumatization adverse(χ2=15.196 P=0.000) and duration of ventilation tubeand(χ2=11.347 P=0.001). In multivariate logistic regression model, five of these factors were found to be predictors of recurrent OME, which were younger age, recurrent respiratory tract infection(P=0.001 OR=2.992),adenoid hypertrophy / nasopharyneal lymphadenosis(P=0.021 OR=2.198), mastoid pneumatization adverse(P=0.000 OR=3.433) and duration of ventilation tube(3~6m)(P=0.010 OR=2.237). When comparing the difference among preschool children, school age children and adults, recurrent respiratory tract infections in preschool and school age children had the statistic significance(P<0.05), and adenoid hypertrophy in preschool had the statistic significance(P<0.05). Conclusionsyounger age, recurrent respiratory tract infection, adenoid hypertrophy / nasopharyneal lymphadenosis, chronic nasal sinusitis, mastoid pneumatization adverse and less time of ventilation tube are the risk factors causing recurrence of OME. When comparing the recurrent preschool children, school age children and adults cases, more recurrent respiratory tract infection in preschool and school age children have statistic significance, and adenoid hypertrophy in preschool had the statistic significance.