The Toxicological Effects Of Nanoparticle Silver On Mouse Spermatogonium(GC1)

Nanoparticles silver are novel nanoparticle based on nanotechnology, and they have been widely used in medical instruments, personal care products, food services, building materials, and textiles due to their excellent antibacterial effect. Daily exposure of the consumers to Ag NPs from various sources and their small sizes of Ag NPs, increase the possibility of Ag NPs entering human bodies, tissues and cells.Previous in vivo studies have shown that exposure to nanoparticles can occur via inhalation, dermal contact and ingestion, thus leading to a wide variety of toxicological effects in a variety of tissues, including skin, liver, lung, vascular system, and reproductive organs.In vitro studies show that nanoparticles silver can affect the development of spermatogonium stem cell and affect the process of spermatogenesis. In addition, previous studies demonstrate that sperm amount decreased and abnormal sperm rate increased, and nanoparticle silver induced DNA damage of testis germ cell, inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis of germ cell.Male reproductive system factors include cryptorchidism, hypospadias, testis tumor and oligospermia, and the incidence rate is increasing. Perhaps the increase of incidence rate may be correlated with exposure to environmental toxicity.Currently, there are few studies on the reproductive toxicity of nanoparticle silver and the conclusions are discordant. The effect of nanoparticle silver on spermatogonium, has not yet been reported.Objective:To investigate the toxicological effects of nanoparticle silver on mouse spermatogonium(GC1).Methods:1.To observe cell viability and morphology of GC1 after exposure to different nanoparticle silver concentrations for 24 h.2. To test the apoptosis rate of of GC1 after exposure to different nanoparticle silver concentrations for 24 h based on flow cytometric analysis.3. To test expression of apoptosis biomarkers in GC1 after exposure to different nanoparticle silver concentrations for 24 h.4. To test expression of apoptosis biomarkers in male rat testis after exposure to different nanoparticle silver concentrations.Results:1. Cell viability decreased and apoptosis rate increased with the increase of nanoparticle silver concentration.2. The expression of activated caspase-3 and p-JNK increased with nanoparticle silver concentration in GC1 treated with Ag NPs.3. The expression of apoptosis biomarkers increased in male rat testis after treated with Ag NPs.Conclusion:High dose nanoparticle silver induced apoptosis of GC1 in a dose-dependent manner, and the expression of apoptosis biomarker-activated caspase-3 and p-JNK increased with nanoparticle silver, and nanoparticle silver induced apoptosis of rat testis.