Increased Glucose Metabolism In Tissues And Cells During The Proliferation

Objective: Glucose metabolism is an energy metabolism pathway in all the cells in the body.In injured blood vessels and malignant tumors,the activity of glucose metabolism is augmented for the need of cell proliferation.However,the relationship between abnormal glucose metabolism and proliferative disease is not yet completely explained.The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between glucose metabolism and proliferative disease using the carotid artery endothelial injury model of mice and human colorectal cancer and its cell lines.Methods:1 Thirteen male C57BL/6 mice(8 to12 weeks old)underwent the left carotid artery ligation to induce neointimal formation,and the right was as sham operated control.After 14 days of ligation,the carotid arteries were separated for preparation of protein extracts and paraffin-embedded specimens.The protein extracts were used to detect the expression of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PD)and Hexokinase(HK)activity with Western blotting and HK activity analyzing kit respectively.The paraffin-embedded specimens were used to test the expression of pyruvate kinase-2(PKM2)in the carotid artery by immunohistochemistry.2 The samples of human colorectal cancer and matched normal colorectal tissue from 30 patients were collected at the Department of Surgery of Fourth Hospital,Hebei Medical University during July 2014 to November 2015.The snap-frozen specimens were homogenized for HK activity assay and Western blot to analyze the expression of G6 PD and PKM2.Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embeded tissues were used to prepare the sections and to stain by immunohistochemistry.3 The human colon cancer cell line HCT116 and the normal human colonic epithelial cell line FHC were cultured to 100 % confluence,and collected to test HK activity assay and to analyze the expression of G6 PD and PKM2.Results:1 The expression of G6 PD,PKM2 and HK in the vascular neointima.Western blot showed that the expression of G6 PD in the neointima of the injured arteries was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The changes of HK activity displayed the same pattern as G6PD(P<0.05).Using immunohistochemistry,increased PKM2 expression was abserved compared with the sham group(P<0.05).2 The expression of G6 PD,PKM2 and HK in the colorectal tissues.The results from both Western blot and immunohistochemistry showed increased G6 PD and PKM2 expression in tumor tissues compared with the matched normal tissues(P<0.05).HK activity was also increased in tumor tissues compared with the normal control(P<0.05).3 The expression of G6 PD,PKM2 and HK in colon cancer and normal epithelial cells.Western blot showed higher expression levels of G6 PD and PKM2 in human colon cancer cell line HCT116 compared with normal colonic epithelial cell line FHC(P<0.05).The change of HK activity was similar to PKM2.Conclusion:1 The expression and activity of the key enzymes of glucose metabolism increase in the neointimal hyperplasia and the tumor tissues and cells.2 The glycometabolism rate is high in proliferative tissues and cells.