| Flammulina velutipes belongs to the Basidiomycetes,Hymenomycetes,Agaricales,Tricholoma mongolicum imai,gold Actinomyces.Mushroom factory production has developed rapidly,while the optimization of cultivation matrix was lagged behind.At the same time,with the deep research on the polysaccharide of the Flammulina velutipes fruit body polysaccharide(Fv-FBP),it has become one of the research hotspots in edible fungi.The purpose of the project was to optimize the formulation of industrialized mushroom cultivation substrate based on the growth rate,biological efficiency and profitability of mycelium of mycelium,it’s analyze and compare the extracellular enzyme activity and soluble content,and to use the industrialized Flammulina velutipes fruit body as material.The Fv-FBP was obtained by the method of water extraction and alcohol precipitation.Animal experiments were used to explore the anti-diabetic activity of the Fv-FBP to provide a reference for the development of new type of hypoglycemic drugs.The results of the study are as follows:(1)Using sawdust,cottonseed husks,corncobs,bran and other materials as cultivation materials,the mycelia growth rate,biological efficiency and profit of 60 groups of cultivation substrate formulations were statistically analyzed.The results showed that the formula 5(carbon-nitrogen ratio 34.74)mycelium growth speed is fastest,biological efficiency is higher,and the commercial profits is best.(2)In the three selected formulations,formula 5 has an advantage in active substances,It has a good culture effect on biochemical reactions and nutrient accumulation of mycelia.formula 5 is the optimal formula.(3)Analysis of physiological and biochemical reactions at different stages of growth of Flammulina velutipes with 11 active substances.The results showed that Flammulina velutipes decompose a large amount of starch,lignin,cellulose and hemicellulose during the growth phase of mycelia,accumulating large amounts of energy and nutrients.Neutral protease(Dispase)mainly acts on mycelium growth to prevent mycelium clumping.Soluble protein is affected by the content of various enzymes.The total sugar is influenced by the raw materials in the early stage and influenced by cellulase,hemicellulase,etc.at the later stage.(4)The Fv-FBP could obviously improve the blood sugar and body weight of mice induced by streptozotocin(STZ).The polysaccharide can reduce the blood sugar level,and the effect of high dose of the polysaccharide is better than other doses.(5)After treatment of hyperinsulinemia and hyperlipidemia in type Ⅱ diabetes,the fasting serum lisulin(FINS)and lipid levels were decreased and the insulin resistance index(IRI)increased after treatment of Fv-FBP.The test results showed that polysaccharides from the Fv-FBP can improve the serum insulin and blood lipid levels in type Ⅱ diabetes,and polysaccharide dose at 600 mg/kg has a good therapeutic effect.(6)The kidney index of the experiment and the antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and malondialdehyde(MDA)research and analysis.The analysis found that the activities of SOD,CAT,and GSH-Px increased and the levels of MDA decreased after treatment.The results showed that Fv-FBP can protect kidney well,and high dose at 600 mg/kg has the best effect. |
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