The Effect Of Spectral Energy Distribution On Growth Of Soybean And Anoectochilus Roxburghii In Vitro

Light which participate and control the plant growth and development of morphogenesis and physiological reaction process is the energy source in the growth and development of plants.The spectral energy distribution has already to be the important factor affecting used in the research of the plant morphogenesis and the reaction mechanism widely with the deepening research of tissue culture.The sodium lamp,incandescent lamp and fluorescent lamp etc are used as the traditional artificial light in the plant tissue culture,but it cannot suit for the plant growth and development because of its uncontrolled spectral distribution,and there are large energy consumption,high cost,low biological efficiency of plant.LED has the different spectral energy of light source and can be controlled to adjust is a new type of light source plays an important role in the study of plant morphogenesis and various physiological reaction.And it has low cost,small size,less wavelength precisely and heat dissipation,long life,etc.In recent years,there were a lot of researches on the effects of plant growth using the LED as the light source.But there are few systematic reports of plants regeneration system response to different spectral energy distribution.This paper reviews the research progress in effects of light spectra and PPFD on the growth and development of tissue culture plant,the research progress in soybean and anoectochilus roxburghii tissue culture technology,the light regulation model and the prospects of LED applicated in plant tissue culture.In this experiment,the effects of different LED emitted spectra on the induction of multiple shoot clumps and plant morphogenesis of soybean and anoectochilus roxburghii plantlets was investigated.Main research results were as follows:1.The research of different proportions combination of red and blue spectral on the regeneration system of soybean multiple shoot clumps showed that:The high proportion of red light promoted the induction of multiple shoot clumps,increased the number and thickness of roots,the activity of roots and the accumulation of dry matter,and promoted the growth of stoma.But the high proportion of blue light had the contrary effect.In a word,the RB41 treatment was the most suitable red and blue spectral matching combination for the embryonic tip regeneration system of soybean.The effect of different spectral energy distribution on the embryonic tip regeneration system of soybean showed that:The spectral combination that contains 660 nm of red light had benefits in the induction and growth of embryonic tip multiple shoot clumps,increased the morphogenesis,the accumulation of dry matter,root growth and development of stoma of the regeneration plants.The spectral combination that contains 630 nm of red light increased the diameter of the stem and the elongation of roots,had the benefit in the accumulation of chlorophyll content and increased the stomatal frequency.The addition of the yellow light to the combination of red and blue light increased the number of multiple shoots,increased the stem diameter,the accumulation of dry matter and root development of the regeneration plants.And it had the benefit in the development of stoma.The addition of the green light increased the elongation of plant and root of regeneration plants,and had the benefit in the increase of chlorophyll content.R660BY can be the most suitable spectral combination for the embryonic tip regeneration system of soybean.2.The effect of optical density on the induction of soybean multiple shoot clumps showed that:The average number of shoots was highest under the 40?mol·m-2·s-1 treatment.The average length of shoots was highest under the 60 ?mol·m-2·s-1 treatment.The highest total number of shoots was found under the 50 ?mol·m-2·s-1 treatment,and the 50 and 60 ?mol·m-2·S-1 treatments had the benefit in the elongation of shoots.The 50?mol·m-2·s-1 treatment was the most suitable treatment for the induction of multiple shoot clumps.The effect of optical density on the growth of regeneration plants showed that:The highest number of main roots was found under the 50?mol·m-2·s-1 treatment,it had the benefit in the elongation of stem length,the accumulation of dry matter and the growth of stoma.The stem diameter was higher under the 60 and 70 ?mol·m-2·s-1 treatments.The length,diameter and the activity of roots was higher under the 60?mol·m-2·s-1 treatment,the chlorophyll content and the stomatal size was also biggest.There were photoinhibition of the stoma under the 70 ?mol·m-2·s-1 treatment.The low light density can significantly increased the number of stomata.The 50 and 60 ?mol·m-2·s-1 treatment were the most suitable treatment for the regeneration plants of soybean.3.The effect of spectral energy distribution of red,blue and far-red light on the induction of anoectochilus roxburguii multiple shoot clumps showed that:the induction and growth of the multiple shoot clumps were promoted significantly by adding the far-red or blue light in red light.The number,diameter and dry mass of shoots and health index decreased and the production of soluble protein and starch was suppressed under the low ratio of R/B,however the content of the free amino acid increased.The length and diameter of shoots increased significantly under the low ratio of R/Fr,but the number of shoots decreased significantly under the high ratio of R/Fr,and the far-red light increased the accumulate of the soluble protein,sucrose,starch and free amino acid.The addition of Fr light to the R spectrum contributed to induction of the multiple shoot clumps of anoectochilus roxburghii more than the R without Fr spectrum.RFr21 was the most suitable treatment for the induction of anoectochilus roxburghii multiple shoot clumps.4.The effect on the regeneration plants of anoectochilus roxburghii showed that:the leaf area,the length of stem,the accumulation of fresh and dry weight,the synthesis of soluble sugar,sucrose and starch,the accumulation of chlorophyll improved by the red light.The stem diameter,the accumulation of soluble protein and free amino acid,the ratio of chlorophyll a and b had improved by the blue light.And the number of stoma improved by the blue light,but the size was small.The higher red or blue light reduced the number of roots.The effect of different spectral energy distribution on the regeneration plantsr of anoectochilus roxburghii showed that:the growth of leaf,the length of stem,the accumulation of fresh and dry weight and the activity of roots improved under the R660BW3000 treatment.But the R630BW3000 treatment had the opposite effect.The highest stem diameter was found under the R630BY treatment.Yellow and 630 nm red light was beneficial to the accumulation of soluble protein.The synthesis of soluble sugar,sucrose and free amino acid increased by adding the yellow or green light to the combination of red and blue light,adding the white light to the combination of red and blue light increased the synthesis of starch.The higher chlorophyll content was found under the R660BW3000 and R630BW6000 treatments.The highest stomatal area was found under the R660BW6000 processing.The 660nm red light was more advantageous to the increase of stoma.The green and 630nm red light increased the number of stoma.In a word,the R660BW3000 treatment was the most suitable treatment for the regeneration plants of anoectochilus roxburghii5.The effect of optical density on the growth of anoectochilus roxburghii regeneration plants showed that:the low optical density had no benefit in the growth of leaf,the root activity,the synthesis of starch,but increased the elongation of stem and roots and the accumulation of free amino acids and chlorophyll content.The high optical density increased the number of leaf,the stem diameter,the root activity,the synthesis of starch.But the exorbitant high density decreased the number of roots and the ratio of chlorophyll a and b.And the exorbitant high or low light density inhibited the accumulation of soluble protein,soluble sugar and sucrose.The study showed that the 50 ?mol·m-2·s-1 treatment was the most suitable treatment for the regeneration plants of anoectochilus roxburghii.In conclude,R660BY was the most suitable light for the soybean germ multiple shoot clumps regeneration system,had the benefit in the elongation of shoots and the regeneration plants.The 50 ?mol·m-2·s-1 treatment was the most suitable treatment for the induction of multiple shoot clumps.The 50 and 60 ?pmol·m-2·s-1 treatment was the most suitable treatment for the regeneration plants of soybean.The RFr21 treatment had the benefit in the induction and growth of multiple shoot clumps,the R660BW30000 treatment was the most suitable treatment for the regeneration plants of anoectochilus roxburghii.The 50?mol·m-2·s-1 treatment was the most suitable treatment for the tissue culture of anoectochilus roxburghii.Therefore,the LED spectral energy distribution have the significantly influence on the regeneration system of soybean and anoectochilus roxburghii,can be widely used in soybean and anoectochilus roxburghii plant tissue culture.