Effect Of High Rice Bran Diet On Production Performance,Health Indicators And Meat Quality Of Suhuai Pigs

Suhuai pig is a cultivated breed which appears to be more tolerant of high-fiber diet than modern commercial breeds.The nutrient composition of rice bran indicates its potential use as a dietary ingredient for pigs.In order to investigate the possibility of rice bran partially replacing of corn in diet of pigs,forty eight female Suhuai pigs with average body weight of 52.60 ± 0.79 kg were chosen and allocated into two groups,6 replicates per group with 4 pigs per replicate.Pigs in the control group and experimental group were fed with conventional diet(CD)and experimental diet(diet with 34.8%rice bran,RBD)respectively.The experimental pigs were fed ad libitum but given twice daily and watered freely.Remained feed was collected and weighed daily.Our study is composed of the following four parts:Experiment 1:Effects of rice bran diet on the production performance in finishing Suhuai pigDuring the feeding experiment,the feed intake of each lap was record regularly daily.At the end of feeding trial,46 experimental pigs were fasted for 17 h and weighed to calculate the average daily gain,average daily feed intake and feed gain ratio.Body measurements index determination was accomplished firstly.Then,all experimental pigs were slaughtered.Samples of dietary,content in caecum and colon,muscle were collected to measure growth performance,carcass quality and digestibility.The slaughter performance was measured in the slaughterhouse,such as left carcass weight,dressing percentage,ratio of leg and butt versus carcass,suet percentage,carcass straight length and inclined length,back fat thickness,loin eye area,carcass lean percentage,fat percentage,bone percentage,skin percentage.The average daily feed intake(ADFI)of RBD group was lower than that of CD group(P=0.000).The difference appeared both in the morning(P=0.000)and in the afternoon(P=0.001).Partially replacement of rice bran of corn did not alter average daily gain(ADG)of Suhuai pig,although feed conversion ratio(FCR)of pigs in RBD group was higher than that of CD group(P=0.031).The loin eye area of Suhuai pig in RBD group was lower than that in CD group(P=0.007).No difference was found in apparent digestibility of crude protein,crude fat,crude fiber,neutral detergent fiber in cecum and colon between RBD group and CD group.In addition,compared with the CD group,no difference was found in the body measurements index and slaughter traits of RBD group.Experiment 2:Effects of rice bran diet on the blood parameters of finishing Suhuai pigAt the end of feeding experiment,blood samples were collected to analysis the blood physiological index,serum biochemical parameter and the immunoglobulin content in blood.Results show that the platelet number,thrombocytocrit and hematokrit of Suhuai pig in RBD group were lower than that of CD group(P=0.035,P=0.041,P=0.033).Platelet plays a very important role in physiological and pathological process.The blood glucose concentration and hemoglobin level of Suhuai pig in RBD group was significantly lower than that of CD group(P=0.046,P=0.036).And there was no difference between CD group and RBD group in blood triglyceride content,total cholesterol content and blood immunoglobulin content.Results suggest that replacing part of corn with rice bran in the dietary can reduce the risk of suffering from diseases such as hypertension,rice bran dietary has certain health care function to Suhuai pig.Experiment 3:Effects of rice bran diet on the meat quality and the express of gene related fat metabolism in finishing Suhuai pigAt the end of feeding experiment,all experimental pigs were slaughtered.Samples of longissimus dorsi muscle,psoas major and subcutaneous fat were collected to measure meat quality indicators,fatty acid composition of subcutaneous fat.And the total RNA in subcutaneous fat sample was isolated to determine the mRNA abundance of ACAC-a,PPAR-γ,SCD,AdipoR-2,LPL.Data suggested that there was no difference in meat quality indicators.Compared with CD group,the content of unsaturated fatty acid(UFA)and polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA)were significantly increased(P=0.000,P=0.000).The content of saturated fatty acids(SFA),single unsaturated fatty acids,MUFA/PUFA,SFA/UFA of Suhuai pigs subcutaneous fat in RBD group were significantly lower than that of those in CD group(P=0.000,P=0.000,P=0.000,P=0.000).The SCD mRNA abundance of Suhuai pig subcutaneous fat in RBD group is significantly higher than that in CD group(P=0.042).The stearoyl CoA desaturase(SCD)catalyzes the first step in the PUFA biosynthetic pathway,namely the incorporation of a double bond at carbon#9 of stearic acid to generate oleic acid.Monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA)is mainly used for the synthesis of various lipid,including triglycerides,phospholipids and cholesterol.There was no difference in mRNA abundance of ACAC-a,PPAR-y,AdipoR-2,LPL.Feeding Suhuai pig with rice bran diet can significantly increase the unsaturated fatty acid content of subcutaneous fat,reduce the saturated fatty acid content,it is beneficial for human health.In conclusion,feeding Suhuai pig with rice bran diet reduced feed intake,and there is no adverse effect on the production performance and meat quality.In addition,feeding Suhuai pig with rice bran diet reduced the risk of suffering from diseases such as hypertension and hyperglycaemia.Feeding Suhuai pig with rice bran diet can significantly increase the unsaturated fatty acid content of subcutaneous fat,reduce the saturated fatty acid content,it is beneficial for human health.All dates implied that it is feasible to feed Suhuai pig with the experimental diet(diet with 34.8%rice bran,RBD),and it is necessary for the conclusion to be verification in further subsequent production practice.